Thermodynamics, strange quark matter, and strange stars

Peng, Guang-Xiong; Chiang, H. C.; Zou, Bing-Song; Ning, Puqi; Luo, Shijun

doi:10.1103/physrevc.62.025801

Cited by 139 publications

(162 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…many physical properties of strange quark matter [12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25] and strange quark star [26,27] have been studied, and the results are in good agreement with those given by MIT bag model [28].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…[15] and the treatment in Ref. [17], respectively. The tendencies of these curves are similar at large energy density region, but at small energy density region, different treatments have quite different behaviors.…”

Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[15] and Ref. [17], respectively. We see from Fig.2 that there are two remarkable differences between the solid curve and others.…”

Section: Qmdd Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The temperature is set at T = 0, as that of Ref. [12,15,17], for convenience of comparison. Our results are shown in Fig.1 and Fig.2.…”

Section: Qmdd Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…How to tackle the thermodynamics self-consistently is still a problem. There have been many wrangles in present references [12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25]. The difficulty comes from the first and second laws of reversible process thermodynamics expressed by Eq.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Consistent thermodynamic treatment for a quark-mass density-dependent model

Yin

2008

Phys. Rev. C

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The ambiguities and inconsistencies in previous thermodynamic treatments for the quark mass density-dependent model are addressed. A new treatment is suggested to obtain the self-consistent results. A new independent variable of effective mass is introduced to make the traditional thermodynamic calculation with partial derivative still practicable. The contribution from physical vacuum has been discussed. We find that the properties of strange quark matter given by quark mass density-dependent model are nearly the same as those obtained by MIT bag model after considering the contribution of the physical vacuum.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[15] and Ref. [17], respectively. We see from Fig.2 that there are two remarkable differences between the solid curve and others.…”

Section: Qmdd Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The temperature is set at T = 0, as that of Ref. [12,15,17], for convenience of comparison. Our results are shown in Fig.1 and Fig.2.…”

Section: Qmdd Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Consistent thermodynamic treatment for a quark-mass density-dependent model

Yin

2008

Phys. Rev. C

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Phase‐change memories

Lacaita

Wouters

2008

Physica Status Solidi (a)

135

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Phase Change Materials are adopted in optical data storage and are currently evolving to become the active material of a new viable non‐volatile memory technology which is expected to eventually replace no‐longer‐scaling Flash memory technologies. Phase‐Change Memories store their information as the material phase of a chalcogenide metal alloy (high‐resistive amorphous, respectively low‐resistive crystalline phase), the most important compound being Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST). To give insight in this important evolution, the paper describes the different aspects of Phase‐Change Memories. It starts from basic operation principle and fundamental material properties (Sections 2 and 3). Vital to their operation are not only the vitrification and crystallization properties of the chalcogenide material, but also the phenomenon of electronic threshold switching enabling low‐voltage Joule heating in the amorphous phase. Understanding and modeling of these effects are described in Section 4. Cell concepts and integration technology aspects, including optimization schemes aimed at reducing the program current are covered in Section 5. Finally, the excellent reliability and scaling properties of Phase‐Change Memories are discussed in Sections 6 and 7. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

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Thermodynamics of strange quark matter with the density-dependent bag constant

Ming-Feng

Liu

et al. 2009

Sci. China Ser. G-Phys. Mech. Astron.

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The thermodynamics of strange quark matter with density dependent bag constant are studied selfconsistently in the framework of the general ensemble theory and the MIT bag model. In our treatment, an additional term is found in the expression of pressure. With the additional term, the zero pressure locates exactly at the lowest energy state, indicating that our treatment is a self-consistently thermodynamic treatment. The self-consistent equations of state of strange quark matter in both the normal and color-flavor-locked phase are derived. They are both softer than the inconsistent ones. Strange stars in both the normal and color-flavor locked phase have smaller masses and radii in our treatment. It is also interesting to find that the energy density at a star surface in our treatment is much higher than that in the inconsistent treatment for both phases. Consequently, the surface properties and the corresponding observational properties of strange stars in our treatment are different from those in the inconsistent treatment.dense matter, bag model, quark stars, thermodynamic functions and equations of stateThe conjecture that strange quark matter (SQM) may be the true ground state of the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) vacuum was proposed nearly three decades ago [1−4] . The possible existence of strange stars has attracted many authors [5,6] , since it is an alternative way to find free quarks other than terrestrial high energy heavy-ion collision experiments. Usually phenomenological models, such as the MIT bag model, are adopted in the study of hadrons and SQM because of the difficulty of QCD in non-perturbative domain. It is the purpose of this paper to study the thermodynamics of SQM with the density-dependent bag constant self-consistently.In the MIT bag model, hadrons are taken as bubbles emerging from the QCD vacuum. Quarks bound in those bubbles have a weak interaction among them, which is known as asymptotic freedom. To form such bubbles in the QCD vacuum, additional energy E B = BV is required. The bag constant B is understood as the background energy density in those bubbles and the net inward pressure exerted on them by the surrounding vacuum.Along with the increase of energy density, deconfinement phase transition (hadron-quark phase transition) is believed to happen. When such phase

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Thermodynamics, strange quark matter, and strange stars

Cited by 139 publications

References 28 publications

Consistent thermodynamic treatment for a quark-mass density-dependent model

Consistent thermodynamic treatment for a quark-mass density-dependent model

Phase‐change memories

Thermodynamics of strange quark matter with the density-dependent bag constant

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