Thermoelectric effects and magnetic anisotropy of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Ga</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi>Mn</mml:mi><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:msub><mml:mtext>As</mml:mtext></mml:math>thin films

Soldatov, Ivan; Panarina, N.; Heß, Christian; Schultz, L.; Schäfer, Rudolf

doi:10.1103/physrevb.90.104423

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…1c an unintended ∇ T z can hamper the evaluation of TSSE experiments with applied ∇ T x . Heat flow into the surrounding area or through the electrical contacts can induce an additional ANE in NM/FMM bilayers and NM/magnetic semiconductors as discussed in literature82021222324. But since, in principle, all the effects of an LSSE experiment can be present in the TSSE experiment with unintended ∇ T z , proximity Nernst effects and especially parasitic LSSE can also be present in NM/FMI bilayers as already mentioned recently25.…”

mentioning

confidence: 89%

Longitudinal spin Seebeck effect contribution in transverse spin Seebeck effect experiments in Pt/YIG and Pt/NFO

et al. 2015

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The spin Seebeck effect, the generation of a spin current by a temperature gradient, has attracted great attention, but the interplay over a millimetre range along a thin ferromagnetic film as well as unintended side effects which hinder an unambiguous detection have evoked controversial discussions. Here, we investigate the inverse spin Hall voltage of a 10 nm thin Pt strip deposited on the magnetic insulators Y3Fe5O12 and NiFe2O4 with a temperature gradient in the film plane. We show characteristics typical of the spin Seebeck effect, although we do not observe the most striking features of the transverse spin Seebeck effect. Instead, we attribute the observed voltages to the longitudinal spin Seebeck effect generated by a contact tip induced parasitic out-of-plane temperature gradient, which depends on material, diameter and temperature of the tip.

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confidence: 89%

Longitudinal spin Seebeck effect contribution in transverse spin Seebeck effect experiments in Pt/YIG and Pt/NFO

et al. 2015

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“…An explanation was offered for the generation of a spin potential in this “transverse” geometry based on the difference of the effective Seebeck coefficients for up and down spins. However, questions arose regarding the long length scale probed in the experiment, which exceeded the spin diffusion length in the ferromagnetic metal by many orders of magnitude, and recent reports offer different explanations for the signals observed [Huang et al ., 2011; Avery et al ., 2012; Schmid et al ., 2013; Meier et al ., 2013b; Jin et al ., 2014; Soldatov et al ., 2014; Meier et al ., 2015]. Many of these focus on the fact that an unintended out-of-plane thermal gradient leads to contamination of the signal by the anomalous Nernst effect in a ferromagnetic metal [Huang et al ., 2011], since this thermal analog of the anomalous Hall effect produces a transverse electric field in the presence of mutually perpendicular thermal gradient and magnetization.…”

Section: Spin Transport At and Through Interfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interface-induced phenomena in magnetism

et al. 2017

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This article reviews static and dynamic interfacial effects in magnetism, focusing on interfacially-driven magnetic effects and phenomena associated with spin-orbit coupling and intrinsic symmetry breaking at interfaces. It provides a historical background and literature survey, but focuses on recent progress, identifying the most exciting new scientific results and pointing to promising future research directions. It starts with an introduction and overview of how basic magnetic properties are affected by interfaces, then turns to a discussion of charge and spin transport through and near interfaces and how these can be used to control the properties of the magnetic layer. Important concepts include spin accumulation, spin currents, spin transfer torque, and spin pumping. An overview is provided to the current state of knowledge and existing review literature on interfacial effects such as exchange bias, exchange spring magnets, spin Hall effect, oxide heterostructures, and topological insulators. The article highlights recent discoveries of interface-induced magnetism and non-collinear spin textures, non-linear dynamics including spin torque transfer and magnetization reversal induced by interfaces, and interfacial effects in ultrafast magnetization processes.

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“…Recently, the influence of inhomogeneous magnetic fields was added to the list of uncertainties for TSSE experiments23. Despite first reports, the TSSE could not be reproduced neither for metals192021222324, for semiconductors25 nor insulators26.…”

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confidence: 99%

Quantitative separation of the anisotropic magnetothermopower and planar Nernst effect by the rotation of an in-plane thermal gradient

Reimer

Meier

Bovender

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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A thermal gradient as the driving force for spin currents plays a key role in spin caloritronics. In this field the spin Seebeck effect (SSE) is of major interest and was investigated in terms of in-plane thermal gradients inducing perpendicular spin currents (transverse SSE) and out-of-plane thermal gradients generating parallel spin currents (longitudinal SSE). Up to now all spincaloric experiments employ a spatially fixed thermal gradient. Thus, anisotropic measurements with respect to well defined crystallographic directions were not possible. Here we introduce a new experiment that allows not only the in-plane rotation of the external magnetic field, but also the rotation of an in-plane thermal gradient controlled by optical temperature detection. As a consequence, the anisotropic magnetothermopower and the planar Nernst effect in a permalloy thin film can be measured simultaneously. Thus, the angular dependence of the magnetothermopower with respect to the magnetization direction reveals a phase shift, that allows the quantitative separation of the thermopower, the anisotropic magnetothermopower and the planar Nernst effect.Adding the spin degree of freedom to conventional charge-based electronics opens the field of spintronics 1,2 with promising advantages such as decreased electric power consumption and increased integration densities. While spinelectronics use only voltages as driving force for currents, thermal gradients and the interaction between spins and heat currents have already been shown to provide new effects. Spin caloritronics investigate these interactions and promotes the search for applications such as heat sensors or waste heat recyclers 3,4 , that can improve thermoelectric devices.One of the most important and well established phenomena in spin caloritronics is the longitudinal spin Seebeck effect (LSSE) [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] , which uses typically out-of-plane thermal gradients in magnetic thin films for the generation of a spin current parallel to the thermal gradient. This pure spin current is then injected into an adjacent non-magnetic conductor with high spin-orbit coupling, e.g. Pt, which transforms the spin current into an electric voltage via the inverse spin Hall effect (ISHE). In very recent investigations, the LSSE was even detected without any Pt and ISHE by the use of the anomalous Hall effect in Au 12 and by time-resolved magnetooptic Kerr effect in Au and Cu 13 . Besides the application of an out-of-plane thermal gradient, effects driven by in-plane thermal gradients were also investigated. The transverse spin Seebeck effect (TSSE), the spin current generation perpendicular to an in-plane thermal gradient, was reported for metals 14 , semiconductors 15 and insulators 16 . However, it has been noted that TSSE experiments in metals and semiconductors can be influenced by parasitic effects like the planar

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Thermoelectric effects and magnetic anisotropy ofGa1−xMnxAsthin films

Cited by 27 publications

References 29 publications

Longitudinal spin Seebeck effect contribution in transverse spin Seebeck effect experiments in Pt/YIG and Pt/NFO

Longitudinal spin Seebeck effect contribution in transverse spin Seebeck effect experiments in Pt/YIG and Pt/NFO

Interface-induced phenomena in magnetism

Quantitative separation of the anisotropic magnetothermopower and planar Nernst effect by the rotation of an in-plane thermal gradient

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