Thermotropic cubic mesophases

Impéror‐Clerc, Marianne

doi:10.1016/j.cocis.2004.12.004

Cited by 111 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Self-assembling ordered microphase-separated geometries such as the gyroid morphology can be seen in diblock copolymers 20 and certain dendrimer systems. 21 In principle, such systems should yield improved phase connectivity when compared with the basic percolation pathways offered by random blends. The observation that such phases can freely self-assemble from systems as simple as appropriately-shaped hard particles 22 indicates that there is no length-scale limitation on the periodicities of these phases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bicontinuous minimal surface nanostructures for polymer blend solar cells

Kimber

Walker

Schröder‐Turk

et al. 2010

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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This paper presents the first examination of the potential for bicontinuous structures such as the gyroid structure to produce high efficiency solar cells based on conjugated polymers. The solar cell characteristics are predicted by a simulation model that shows how the morphology influences device performance through integration of all the processes occurring in organic photocells in a specified morphology. In bicontinuous phases, the surface defining the interface between the electron and hole transporting phases divides the volume into two disjoint subvolumes. Exciton loss is reduced because the interface at which charge separation occurs permeates the device so excitons have only a short distance to reach the interface. As each of the component phases is connected, charges will be able to reach the electrodes more easily. In simulations of the current-voltage characteristics of organic cells with gyroid, disordered blend and vertical rod (rods normal to the electrodes) morphologies, we find that gyroids have a lower than anticipated performance advantage over disordered blends, and that vertical rods are superior. These results are explored thoroughly, with geminate recombination, i.e. recombination of charges originating from the same exciton, identified as the primary source of loss. Thus, if an appropriate materials choice could reduce geminate recombination, gyroids show great promise for future research and applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bicontinuous minimal surface nanostructures for polymer blend solar cells

Kimber

Walker

Schröder‐Turk

et al. 2010

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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“…Hence, we reinvestigated them here. As the result, these reflections could be correctly indexed to (2 1 1), (2 2 0), [Insert figure 7 about here] Figure 7a shows schematic models of the aggregate structures of rod-like molecules in some mesophases [15]. Cubic (Ia3 Figure 7b illustrates a possible mechanism for discotic molecules to form a cubic mesophase.…”

Section: Polarizing Optical Microscopic Observationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rod-like molecules and polycatenars of thermotropic system tend to exhibit a bicontinuous cubic mesophase with Im3 n symmetry. When the interface curvature between the incompatible parts is small in lyotropic system, bicontinuous cubic mesophases tend to be formed with Pn3 have been well revealed for their symmetries [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Thus, the investigation of these thermotropic cubic mesophases has been greatly progressed.…”

Section: [Insert Figure 1 About Here]mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cubic mesophases are categorized into two systems: thermotropic system and lyotropic system. Thermotropic cubic mesophases are shown by rod-like molecules, dendrimers and polycatenars [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16], whereas lyotropic cubic mesophases are shown by lipid-solvent system and so on [17][18][19][20][21][22]. Each of the compounds exhibiting both two kinds of cubic mesophases consists of two incompatible parts: an aliphatic chain and an aromatic core or a polar group and a nonpolar group.…”

Section: [Insert Figure 1 About Here]mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Discotic liquid crystals of transition metal complexes 37* : a thermotropic cubic mesophase havingPnmsymmetry exhibited by phthalocyanine‐based derivatives

et al. 2007

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“…Among various liquid-crystalline (LC) phases, thermotropic cubic (Cub) phases of bicontinuous type are of much interest in that both local mobility and a three-dimensionally periodic molecular arrangement are realised by relatively simple rod-like molecules (Diele & Gö ring, 1998;Diele, 2002;Kutsumizu, 2002;Impé ror-Clerc, 2005). In lyotropic LC systems, the cubic phase is relatively well known and observed in the region where the volume fraction of one of the two chemically incompatible components (polar or aliphatic) deviates slightly from = 0.5; at = 0.5 the lamellar phase is stabilized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

X-ray studies of the self-organized structure formed by 1,2-bis(4'-n-alkoxybenzoyl)hydrazine (BABH-n) homologues. 1. Ia3d-gyroid structure

et al. 2007

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The cubic (Cub) phase structure of a thermotropic mesogen 1,2‐bis(4′‐n‐alkoxybenzoyl)hydrazine (BABH‐n, where n is the number of C atoms in the aliphatic tail) was examined by small‐angle X‐ray scattering. The BABH‐n system exhibits two types of Cub phases, Ia3d type and Im3m type. In the phase diagram as a function of the tail length (n) the Im3m‐Cub phase region (n = 13–16) was sandwiched by two Ia3d‐Cub phase regions with n < 13 and n > 16. On the basis of the triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) picture, the Ia3d and Im3m structures are described by the gyroid (G) and doubled‐P (PP) surfaces, respectively. In this paper we focused attention on the internal structure of the Ia3d‐Cub phase at the molecular level. By examining how the relative intensity of the 220 reflection with respect to the 211 reference peak varies with n, we have successfully determined the position of the aliphatic tails, which are located on the G‐TPMSs. As far as we know, this is the first approach to clarifying the internal structure of the thermotropic Ia3d‐Cub phase. The usefulness of the systematic studies with respect to the tail length n has also been demonstrated.

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Thermotropic cubic mesophases

Cited by 111 publications

References 53 publications

Bicontinuous minimal surface nanostructures for polymer blend solar cells

Bicontinuous minimal surface nanostructures for polymer blend solar cells

Discotic liquid crystals of transition metal complexes 37* : a thermotropic cubic mesophase havingPnmsymmetry exhibited by phthalocyanine‐based derivatives

X-ray studies of the self-organized structure formed by 1,2-bis(4'-n-alkoxybenzoyl)hydrazine (BABH-n) homologues. 1. Ia3d-gyroid structure

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