Thermus parvatiensis RLT sp. nov., Isolated from a Hot Water Spring, Located Atop the Himalayan Ranges at Manikaran, India

Abstract

A Gram negative, yellow pigmented, rod shaped bacterium designated as RL(T) was isolated from a hot water spring (90-98 °C) located at Manikaran in Northern India. The isolate grows at 60-80 °C (optimum, 70 °C) and at pH 7.0-9.0 (optimum pH 7.2). Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences and levels of DNA-DNA relatedness together indicate that the new isolate represents a novel species of the genus Thermus with closest affinity to Thermus thermophilus HB8(T) (99.5 %) followed by Thermus arciformis (96.4 %). A comparative analysis of partial sequences of housekeeping genes (HKG) further revealed that strain RL(T) is a novel species belonging to the genus Thermus. The melting G+C content of strain RL(T) was calculated as 68.7 mol%. The DNA-DNA relatedness value of strain RL(T) with its nearest neighbours (>97 %) was found to be less than 70 % indicating that strain RL(T) represents a novel species of the genus Thermus. MK-8 was the predominant respiratory quinone. The presence of characteristic phospholipid and glycolipid further confirmed that strain RL(T) belongs to the genus Thermus. The predominant fatty acids of strain RL(T) were iso-C17:0 (23.67 %) and iso-C15:0 (24.50 %). The results obtained after DNA-DNA hybridization, biochemical and physiological tests clearly distinguished strain RL(T) from its closely related species. Thus, strain RL(T) represents a novel species of the genus Thermus for which the name Thermus parvatiensis is proposed (=DSM 21745(T)= MTCC 8932(T)).

Enrichment dynamics of Listeria monocytogenes and the associated microbiome from naturally contaminated ice cream linked to a listeriosis outbreak

“…, have a slightly higher OGT of 55 to 65°C [18]; Thermus spp. have an OGT ranging from 50 to 82°C [19, 20].

Fig.

…”

Complete Genome Analysis of Thermus parvatiensis and Comparative Genomics of Thermus spp. Provide Insights into Genetic Variability and Evolution of Natural Competence as Strategic Survival Attributes

“…The genus Thermus comprises 17 validly published species, the genome sequences of which are available in public databases. T. parvatiensis strain RL T (Dwivedi et al, 2015 ) was isolated from a hot water spring located atop (altitude ~1,700 m) the Himalayan ranges at Manikaran, India. The hot spring water has high temperature (90–98°C) (Dwivedi et al, 2012 ) and circum-neutral pH.…”

“…Low O 2 potential (4.8 ± 0.2 cm 3 STP/L), low dissolved CO 2 (14.7 ± 0.1 cm 3 STP/L) and high concentration of arsenic (140 ppb) (Sangwan et al, 2015 ) prevalent at the niche further provide strong selection pressures. T. parvatiensis forms yellow colonies on polypeptone yeast extract agar at 60-80°C and demonstrates protease activity (Dwivedi et al, 2015 ). Previously, strain RL was sequenced using Roche 454 GS (FLX Titanium) system and Sanger shotgun sequencing.…”

Fictibacillus halophilus sp. nov., from a microbial mat of a hot spring atop the Himalayan Range

“…This genus is characterized by Gram-stain-positive, motile, rod shaped, endospore-forming bacteria inhabiting various environments such as industrial waste, metal ores, freshwater, marine sediments and soil (Glaeser et al, 2013). While investigating microbial community structure at Manikaran hot water springs (surface water temperature~95 C) using both culture-based (Dwivedi et al, 2012(Dwivedi et al, , 2015Mahato et al, 2014;Sharma et al, 2014) and culture-independent (metagenomics) approaches (Sangwan et al, 2015;Sharma et al, 2016), we isolated a novel bacterium, designated as AS8 T , from tightly regulated biofilms (surface temperature~50 C) deposited around and above the thermal discharges. By means of a polyphasic taxonomical characterization (Prakash et al, 2007), this strain is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Fictibacillus.…”