They can hear your heartbeats

GollakotaShyamnath,; HassaniehHaitham,; RansfordBenjamin,; KatabiDina,; FuKevin,

doi:10.1145/2043164.2018438

Cited by 139 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…If the server is accidentally opened to remote access (#3 failed), the attacker can still only access that one user's data. Other innovative solutions include delegating security to a personal base station to use a novel radio design that can act as a jammer-cumreceiver (Gollakota et al, 2011).…”

Section: Recommendations To Clinicians and Administratorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

2021 ISHNE/ HRS/ EHRA/ APHRS collaborative statement on mHealth in Arrhythmia Management: Digital Medical Tools for Heart Rhythm Professionals

Varma

Cygankiewicz

Turakhia

et al. 2021

Noninvasive Electrocardiol

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This collaborative statement from the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology/ Heart Rhythm Society/ European Heart Rhythm Association/ Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society describes the current status of mobile health ("mHealth") technologies in arrhythmia management. The range of digital medical tools and heart rhythm disorders that they may be applied to and clinical decisions that may be enabled are discussed. The facilitation of comorbidity and lifestyle management (increasingly recognized to play a role in heart rhythm disorders) and patient self‐management are novel aspects of mHealth. The promises of predictive analytics but also operational challenges in embedding mHealth into routine clinical care are explored.

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Section: Recommendations To Clinicians and Administratorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

2021 ISHNE/ HRS/ EHRA/ APHRS collaborative statement on mHealth in Arrhythmia Management: Digital Medical Tools for Heart Rhythm Professionals

Varma

Cygankiewicz

Turakhia

et al. 2021

Noninvasive Electrocardiol

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“…Several wearable NFC-based sensors can be found in the literature that exploits this fact. In addition, the short read range inherent in the NFC technology provides a degree of privacy and security over undesired access to sensible information by nearby third parties [58,59]. Prototypes of patches to perform measurements of body temperature based on commercial NFC IC can be found in [52,53].…”

Section: Survey Of Nfc-based Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

NFC Sensors Based on Energy Harvesting for IoT Applications

Lázaro¹,

Boada²,

Villarino³

et al. 2020

Recent Wireless Power Transfer Technologies

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The availability of low-cost near-field communication (NFC) devices, the incorporation of NFC readers into most current mobile phones, and the inclusion of energy-harvesting (EH) capabilities in NFC chips make NFC a key technology for the development of green Internet of Things (IoT) applications. In this chapter, an overview of recent advances in the field of battery-less NFC sensors at 13.56 MHz is provided, and a comparison to other short-range RFID technologies is given. After reviewing power transfer in NFC, recommendations for the practical design of NFC-based sensor tags and NFC readers are made. A list of commercial NFC integrated circuits with energy-harvesting capabilities is also provided. A survey of recent battery-less NFC sensors developed by the group including soil moisture, water content, pH, color, and implanted NFC sensors is done.

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“…The work of Halperin et al [4] is considered to be the pioneer work in security analysis of IMDs, followed by different research activities providing security for IMD devices [5]. Most of the research is focused on mitigating the security risks via providing different encryption mechanisms to protect data between a sender and legitimate nodes [6,7,8]. In conventional wireless networks, security is considered to be an independent feature with no or little connection to other tasks of a communication network.…”

Section: Background and Problem Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Phantom-Based Security Analysis for Next-Generation Leadless Cardiac Pacemakers

Awan

Perez-Simbor

Garcia-Pardo

et al. 2018

Sensors

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With technological advancement, implanted medical devices can treat a wide range of chronic diseases such as cardiac arrhythmia, deafness, diabetes, etc. Cardiac pacemakers are used to maintain normal heart rhythms. The next generation of these pacemakers is expected to be completely wireless, providing new security threats. Thus, it is critical to secure pacemaker transmissions between legitimate nodes from a third party or an eavesdropper. This work estimates the eavesdropping risk and explores the potential of securing transmissions between leadless capsules inside the heart and the subcutaneous implant under the skin against external eavesdroppers by using physical-layer security methods. In this work, we perform phantom experiments to replicate the dielectric properties of the human heart, blood, and fat for channel modeling between in-body-to-in-body devices and from in-body-to-off-body scenario. These scenarios reflect the channel between legitimate nodes and that between a legitimate node and an eavesdropper. In our case, a legitimate node is a leadless cardiac pacemaker implanted in the right ventricle of a human heart transmitting to a legitimate receiver, which is a subcutaneous implant beneath the collar bone under the skin. In addition, a third party outside the body is trying to eavesdrop the communication. The measurements are performed for ultrawide band (UWB) and industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) frequency bands. By using these channel models, we analyzed the risk of using the concept of outage probability and determine the eavesdropping range in the case of using UWB and ISM frequency bands. Furthermore, the probability of positive secrecy capacity is also determined, along with outage probability of a secrecy rate, which are the fundamental parameters in depicting the physical-layer security methods. Here, we show that path loss follows a log-normal distribution. In addition, for the ISM frequency band, the probability of successful eavesdropping for a data rate of 600 kbps (Electromyogram (EMG)) is about 97.68% at an eavesdropper distance of 1.3 m and approaches 28.13% at an eavesdropper distance of 4.2 m, whereas for UWB frequency band the eavesdropping risk approaches 0.2847% at an eavesdropper distance of 0.22 m. Furthermore, the probability of positive secrecy capacity is about 44.88% at eavesdropper distance of 0.12 m and approaches approximately 97% at an eavesdropper distance of 0.4 m for ISM frequency band, whereas for UWB, the same statistics are 96.84% at 0.12 m and 100% at 0.4 m. Moreover, the outage probability of secrecy capacity is also determined by using a fixed secrecy rate.

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They can hear your heartbeats

Cited by 139 publications

References 35 publications

2021 ISHNE/ HRS/ EHRA/ APHRS collaborative statement on mHealth in Arrhythmia Management: Digital Medical Tools for Heart Rhythm Professionals

2021 ISHNE/ HRS/ EHRA/ APHRS collaborative statement on mHealth in Arrhythmia Management: Digital Medical Tools for Heart Rhythm Professionals

NFC Sensors Based on Energy Harvesting for IoT Applications

Experimental Phantom-Based Security Analysis for Next-Generation Leadless Cardiac Pacemakers

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