Thickness model of pyroclastic soils along mountain slopes of Campania (southern Italy)

Soldato, Matteo Del; Segoni, Samuele; Vita, Pantaleone De; Pazzi, Veronica; Tofani, Veronica; Moretti, Sandro

doi:10.1201/b21520-93

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The two previously described models were merged into the GPT model (Del Soldato et al ., ). The GPT model is characterized by an integration of the GIST model (Catani et al ., ) with the parameter used in the SAPT model (De Vita and Nappi, ), which represents the initial total thickness of ash‐fall deposits that fell around the mountainous peri‐volcanic areas.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In this study, spatial modeling of the PCDT is proposed for the mountain slopes that surround the Somma‐Vesuvius volcano (Campania, southern Italy). Three previously developed models and a new method designed purposely for this study that represents an advancement in the preceding models are compared: (a) Slope Angle Pyroclastic Thickness – SAPT (De Vita et al ., ; De Vita and Nappi, ); (b) Geomorphological Index Soil Thickness – GIST (Catani et al ., ); (c) Geomorphological Pyroclastic Thickness – GPT (Del Soldato et al ., ); (d) Slope Exponential Pyroclastic Thickness – SEPT (this study). These four models are used to calculate the PCDT maps and were validated against a set of measurements obtained from published papers and field surveys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial modeling of pyroclastic cover deposit thickness (depth to bedrock) in peri‐volcanic areas of Campania (southern Italy)

Soldato

Pazzi

Segoni

et al. 2018

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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In this study, the main focus is the application and improvement of four empirical models, which account for the pyroclastic cover deposit thickness (PCDT) spatial distribution with respect to the bedrock surrounding the Somma‐Vesuvius volcano (Campania, southern Italy). Three models, which are already known in the literature, link the depth to bedrock to the morphological features of a slope. An original model called SEPT (slope exponential pyroclastic thickness) is presented in this manuscript and combines the initial total thickness of ash‐fall pyroclastic cover with the slope gradient. All models were applied and validated using field measurements derived from this and preceding studies in the study area. The main finding is that the spatial distribution of the depth to bedrock in mountainous peri‐volcanic areas mainly depends on the initial thickness of air‐fallen material at a given position and slope angle. These findings allowed for the recognition of an ash‐fall pyroclastic depositional environment that is characterized by different processes from those existing in other geomorphological frameworks and in which the soil thickness along the slopes is controlled by the weathering of bedrock and the formation of soil in situ. Finally, in this research, a reliable approach is proposed that is also applicable to other peri‐volcanic areas of the world to assess the spatial distribution of the depth to bedrock, which is a fundamentally important parameter in distributed geomorphologic and hydrologic modeling. © 2018 The Authors. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial modeling of pyroclastic cover deposit thickness (depth to bedrock) in peri‐volcanic areas of Campania (southern Italy)

Soldato

Pazzi

Segoni

et al. 2018

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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“…The H/V traces were processed, as described in Pazzi et al (), by means of the Grilla® software (Castellaro ), and according to the SESAME () criteria; only unambiguous peaks were considered for further study. The local shear velocity profiles were constructed via fitting a synthetic H/V curve to the experimental one (Ibs‐Von Seht and Wohlenberg ; Castellaro and Mulargia ; Lotti et al ; Del Soldato et al ; Pazzi et al ). According to Castellaro and Mulargia () and Castellaro (), infinite synthetic models can fit an H/V curve when no constraints are imposed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing subsoil void hazards along a road system using H/V measurements, ERTs and IPTs to support local decision makers

Pazzi

Ceccatelli

Gracchi

et al. 2018

Near Surface Geophysics

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Between 2008 and 2014, nine sinkholes occurred in northeastern Elba Island (Tuscany, Italy), an area with mostly flat terrain (called “Il Piano”) separating the municipalities of Rio nell’Elba and Rio Marina. The last sinkhole damaged the only road (SP26) between the harbour of Rio Marina and the northwestern part of the island. A bypass was immediately built, but the SP26 remains closed. Considering that sinkholes could be densely clustered in sinkhole prone areas, their detection and forecasting are key aspects of local administrative policies. In this paper, we present the results of an integrated geophysical survey aimed at (i) characterizing the geology of the area surrounding the SP26, and (ii) assessing the subsoil void hazard around the road system to support the decision to replace or restore the SP26. Therefore, for the purposes of this research, 120 singlestation seismic noise measurements were taken following the horizontal‐to‐vertical spectral ratio (H/V) or Nakamura technique, while eight 2D electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and 17 3D‐ERT/induced polarisation measurements were also carried out in the study area. The H/V method allowed the estimation of the mean thickness of the alluvium, whereas the 2D/3D‐ERTs and IPTs permitted the characterisation of the electrical behaviours of the materials and the localisation of the lenticular sand and gravel bodies within a sandy silt layer. The large amount of collected data made the zonation of the subsoil void hazards possible.

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“…To provide information on the nature, extent and activation frequency of ancient gravitational slope movements, standard detection and mapping procedures employ a combination of field-based studies and advanced techniques such as remote sensing data analysis and geophysical investigations [23,29,[40][41][42]. The LiDAR technique is currently commonly used in landslide inventory mapping and more generally in geomorphology and natural hazards fields to understand landslide evolution and geomorphological processes [19,28].…”

Section: Lidar Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinematic Reconstruction of a Deep-Seated Gravitational Slope Deformation by Geomorphic Analyses

et al. 2018

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On 4 November 2010, a deep-seated gravitational slope deformation (North Italy) reactivated with sudden ground movement. A 450,000 m 2 mountainous area moved some metres downslope, but the undeniable signs were only connected to the triggering of a debris flow from the bulging area's detrital cover and the presence of a continuous perimeter fracture near the crown area. Based on two detailed LiDAR surveys (2 m × 2 m) performed just a few days before and after the event, a quantitative topographic analysis was performed in a GIS environment, integrating morphometric terrain parameters (slope, aspect, surface roughness, hill shade, and curvature). The DEMs analysis highlighted some morphological changes related to deeper as well as shallow movements. Both global and sectorial displacements were widely verified and discussed, finally inferring that the geometry, persistence, and layout of all movements properly justify each current morphostructure, which has the shape of a typical Sackung-type structure with impulsive kinematics. Moreover, a targeted field survey allowed specific clues to be found that confirmed the global deduced dynamics of the slope deformation. Finally, thanks to a ground-based interferometric radar system (GB-InSAR) that was installed a few days after the reactivation, the residual deep-seated gravitational slope deformation (DSGSD) movements were also monitored. In the landslide lower bulging area, a localized material progression of small entities was observed for some months after the parossistic event, indicating a slow dissipation of forces in sectors more distant from the crown area.

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Thickness model of pyroclastic soils along mountain slopes of Campania (southern Italy)

Cited by 11 publications

References 2 publications

Spatial modeling of pyroclastic cover deposit thickness (depth to bedrock) in peri‐volcanic areas of Campania (southern Italy)

Spatial modeling of pyroclastic cover deposit thickness (depth to bedrock) in peri‐volcanic areas of Campania (southern Italy)

Assessing subsoil void hazards along a road system using H/V measurements, ERTs and IPTs to support local decision makers

Kinematic Reconstruction of a Deep-Seated Gravitational Slope Deformation by Geomorphic Analyses

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