Thidiazuron: A multi-dimensional plant growth regulator

Abstract

Thidiazuron (TDZ) has gained a considerable attention during past decades due to its efficient role in plant cell and tissue culture. Wide array of physiological responses were observed in response to TDZapplication in different plant species. TDZ has shown both auxin and cytokinin like effects, although, chemically, it is totally different from commonly used auxins and cytokinins. A number of biological (physiological and biochemical) events in cells are induced or enhanced by TDZ, but the mode of action of TDZ is yet unknown. However, varieties of underlying mechanisms were revealed by reports showing how morphogenic events were induced by application of TDZ. Other reports showed that TDZ may modify endogenous plant growth regulators, either directly or indirectly and produce reactions in cell/tissue, necessary for its division/regeneration. Other possibilities include modification in cell membrane, energy levels, nutrient absorption, transport and assimilation, etc. In this review, recent advancements in TDZ application in plant sciences are discussed.

Influence of plant growth regulators on morphogenic response, biomass and camptothecin production in the callus cultures of Chonemorpha fragrans (Moon) Alston

“…PGRs that includes TDZ are yet unclear but, treatment with the concentrations had stimulated formation of nodular-green morphogenic callus in many plants [27,28]. In the present study, cultivation of C. fragrans callus cultures on medium added with 0.5 mg L -1 of the cytokinins did not induce a clear difference on callus morphology about PGRs-free media.…”

Micropropagation of six Paulownia genotypes through tissue culture

“…These data corroborate those reported by Murthy et al (1998) and Corredoira et al (2008) indicating the morphoregulatory potential of TDZ and its application in plant tissue culture for the development of micropropagation systems. The reasons for the high activity of TDZ in woody species have not been investigated at a physiological level but it was suggested that TDZ helps to establish the optimal internal balance growth regulators (Saxena, 1992;Guo et al 2011).…”

Influence of plant growth regulators on morphogenic response, biomass and camptothecin production in the callus cultures of Chonemorpha fragrans (Moon) Alston

“…1t-w). In many reported studies in the literature lower levels of the TDZ was found sufficient for stimulating shoot organogenesis from cotyledonary explant while higher concentrations promoted SE [28]. Cultivation of rhizogenic callus cultures on medium supplemented with lower levels of the TDZ stimulated shoot formation and SE at low frequency [29] while it promoted formation of embryogenic callus from root tip, stem and leaf segments explants [30].…”