Thixotropic aging and its effect on 1-D compression behavior of soft reconstituted clays

Shahriar, Azmayeen Rafat; Abedin, Md. Zoynul; Jadid, Rowshon

doi:10.1016/j.clay.2017.12.029

Cited by 27 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This may be attributed to the high thixotropy nature of bentonite, while Illite has low thixotropy and kaolin has almost no thixotropy. Similar results were also obtained by Shahriar et al (2018). Jeong et al (2012) conducted experiments and found that higher soil activity corresponds to more prominent thixotropy.…”

supporting

confidence: 83%

“…Jeong et al (2012) conducted experiments and found that higher soil activity corresponds to more prominent thixotropy. Furthermore, Shahriar et al (2018) carried out thixotropic mechanical tests on six types of clay and found that the stronger the soil activity at resting ages of 1d and 8d, the greater the thixotropic-induced increases in strength. Abdou and Ahmed (2013) demonstrated that the thixotropic degree is positively correlated with soil activity by adjusting the bentonite content.…”

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confidence: 99%

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An analysis of thixotropic micropore variation and its mechanism in loess

Wei,

Dang,

Ding

et al. 2023

Front. Ecol. Evol.

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The relationship between the thixotropic mechanism and the macroscopic thixotropic strength can be clarified by analyzing the changes in microstructure and pores in the loess thixotropic process. This approach is of significant importance for calculating the strength of compacted loess foundations. In the present study, a representative sample prepared from Xi’an loess was analyzed and eight resting ages were set. The micropore characteristics of the remolded loess and undisturbed loess at different resting ages were obtained using electron microscope observation and nuclear magnetic resonance testing. The results indicate that the thixotropy in the prepared loess samples is significant. It is also found that as the resting age grew, newly formed cements in the remolded loess continuously accumulated and filled in the microcracks between the aggregates. Consequently, the contact area of aggregates increased, thereby decreasing the width and length of the microcracks. The proportion of cementation pore and small microcracks gradually increased, while the proportion of large microcracks gradually decreased, indicating that thixotropy increased the cohesive force and friction force of soil structure at the mesoscale. This phenomenon also explains the increase of thixotropic strength at the macroscopic scale. The mesoscopic mechanism of loess thixotropic strength recovery is that the connection between soil particles is re-established after the break of the clay particle–water–charge system. Moreover, the elastic potential energy of soil particles generated by compression promoted the polymerization of clay particles dispersed in a pore water solution to produce flocculating aggregates during resting dissipation. The continuous consumption of clay particles expanded the processing time and flocs and continuously decreased the strength growth rate.

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supporting

confidence: 83%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An analysis of thixotropic micropore variation and its mechanism in loess

Wei,

Dang,

Ding

et al. 2023

Front. Ecol. Evol.

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“…Moisture content ω (%) Natural density ρ (g/cm 3 ) Sensitivity S t 7 50.00 1.67 7 8 40.13 1.70 7 9 35.00 1.73 7…”

Section: Groupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In terms of influencing factors of thixotropy, the moisture content of soil has an important influence on the thixotropy of soil [7][8][9][10][11]. Mitchell [12] pointed out that, compared with chemical factors, the moisture content of soil has an important influence on changing the intergranular force, then affecting the thixotropy of soil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strength Recovery Model of Clay during Thixotropy

Tang

Zhou

Liang

et al. 2021

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Thixotropy is a hot topic in the field of rheology of dispersed systems. Many researchers have proposed different models and hypotheses to explain the thixotropy of clay. In this paper, the strength recovery model of Zhanjiang Formation clay in the process of thixotropy is studied. Firstly, through unconfined compressive strength test, the influence of soil sensitivity, moisture content, and density on the strength growth of remolded soil was studied. The results show great influence of sensitivity, moisture content, and density on the thixotropic strength of the Zhanjiang Formation clay: the higher the sensitivity and the density, the stronger the thixotropy of soil; the higher the moisture content, the weaker the thixotropy of soil. Based on the test results, a strength recovery model of Zhanjiang Formation clay in the process of thixotropy was established. The model was verified by the validation test data and the data obtained from the existing literature. The results suggest that the model prediction is in good agreement with the verification test data and data from existing literature, which proves the confidence of the model in predicting the degree of strength recovery in the process of thixotropy of Zhanjiang Formation clay. The model provides basis for stability calculation of surrounding soil after construction disturbance of underground structures in this stratum.

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“…Until now, there is no formula which evaluates the thixotropic effect for all types of soil. This may be due to the dependency of thixotropic effect on soil structure, mineral compensation of the soil, time and ionic concentration, Skempton and Northey, 1952, Mitchell, 1960, Farsakh, et al, 2015, and Shahriar, et al, 2018. The comparison between the results of the previous researchers showed ambiguous conclusions and the percentage of strength regaining different according to the type of soil, Zahng, et al, 2017.…”

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confidence: 98%

Thixotropic Hardening of Fao Clay

Kamil

Aljorany

2019

jcoeng

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Fao region is characterized by weak soft silty clay to clayey silt thick layer which extends to a depth of about 20 m. The construction of some structures on such soils may needs piles. During the installation of driven piles, the soil geotechnical properties are exposed to significant changes result due to shearing under large shear strains. These changes significantly decrease the shear strength of the virgin soil due to the destruction of soil structure caused by remolding. The degradation of shear strength is usually followed by strength regaining which is called “Thixotropy”. In this study, the thixotropic effect on Fao clay was investigated. Many disturbed and undisturbed soil samples were brought from Fao region. Some of the soil samples were thoroughly remolded in the laboratory in its natural water content and molded as direct shear specimens. More than 180 specimens were prepared and tested over 36 weeks in order to accurately assess the percentage of strength regaining with time passing. The results show that soil remolding causes about a 45 % reduction in shear strength in comparing with the shear strength of the intact soil. This reduced percent in shear strength was almost fully regained after 25 weeks due to thixotropic effect.

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Thixotropic aging and its effect on 1-D compression behavior of soft reconstituted clays

Cited by 27 publications

References 25 publications

An analysis of thixotropic micropore variation and its mechanism in loess

An analysis of thixotropic micropore variation and its mechanism in loess

Strength Recovery Model of Clay during Thixotropy

Thixotropic Hardening of Fao Clay

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