Thomson scattering on the large plasma device

Ghazaryan, Sofiya; Kaloyan, Marietta; Gekelman, Walter; Lucky, Z.; Vincena, S.; Tripathi, Shreekrishna; Pribyl, Patrick; Niemann, C.

doi:10.1063/5.0099172

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…We use a slightly wider notch region of 4.4 nm in the fit to account for this leakage. The offset in Figure 3b observed very close to the target is also in part due to stray light leaking through the notch and distributed over the entire spectrum [24].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The three 110 × 110 mm 2 aluminum-coated, 1200 grooves/mm gratings are blazed at 500 nm for an efficiency around 60% at 532 nm. The notch filter blocks stray light over a 1.5 nm range by four orders of magnitude [24].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The instrument described here extends the 1D setup from Kaloyan et al [22] to 2D, and includes a motorized auto-alignment technique, which autonomously maps out the probe-laser beam height and inclination and steers the collection optics and scattering volume in three dimensions (3D) accordingly, as the laser-plasmas are produced repeatedly at 1 Hz. The technique is enabled by an optical design that maximizes alignment stability and optical extent [23], a triple grating spectrometer with notch filter for stray light suppression [24] and a motorized auto-align scattering system [22], as well as a laser target and data acquisition system that produces LPPs at high repetition rate [25]. Unlike other multi-dimensional Thomson scattering systems [3][4][5][6][7], this new technique significantly increases efficiency and spatial resolution and can scan planar regions of arbitrary shape and size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Two-Dimensional Thomson Scattering in Laser-Produced Plasmas

Zhang,

Pilgram,

Constantin

et al. 2023

Instruments

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We present two-dimensional (2D) optical Thomson scattering measurements of electron density and temperature in laser-produced plasmas. The novel instrument directly measures ne(x,y) and Te(x,y) in two dimensions over large spatial regions (cm2) with sub-mm spatial resolution, by automatically translating the scattering volume while the plasma is produced repeatedly by irradiating a solid target with a high-repetition-rate laser beam (10 J, ∼1012 W/cm2, 1 Hz). In this paper, we describe the design and motorized auto-alignment of the instrument and the computerized algorithm that autonomously fits the spectral distribution function to the tens-of-thousands of measured scattering spectra, and captures the transition from the collective to the non-collective regime with distance from the target. As an example, we present the first 2D scattering measurements in laser-driven shock waves in ambient nitrogen gas at a pressure of 0.13 mbar.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Two-Dimensional Thomson Scattering in Laser-Produced Plasmas

Zhang,

Pilgram,

Constantin

et al. 2023

Instruments

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Multi-dimensional incoherent Thomson scattering system in PHAse Space MApping (PHASMA) facility

Shi

Scime

2023

Review of Scientific Instruments

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A multi-dimensional incoherent Thomson scattering diagnostic system capable of measuring electron temperature anisotropies at the level of the electron velocity distribution function (EVDF) is implemented on the PHAse Space MApping facility to investigate electron energization mechanisms during magnetic reconnection. This system incorporates two injection paths (perpendicular and parallel to the axial magnetic field) and two collection paths, providing four independent EVDF measurements along four velocity space directions. For strongly magnetized electrons, a 3D EVDF comprised of two characteristic electron temperatures perpendicular and parallel to the local magnetic field line is reconstructed from the four measured EVDFs. Validation of isotropic electrons in a single magnetic flux rope and a steady-state helicon plasma is presented.

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Two-dimensional Thomson scattering measurements of misaligned electron density and temperature gradients and associated Biermann battery produced fields

Pilgram,

Constantin,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Physics of Plasmas

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We present optical Thomson scattering measurements of electron density and temperature in high Mach number laser-driven blast waves in homogeneous gases. Taylor–Sedov blast waves are launched in nitrogen (N2) or helium (He) at pressures between 0.4 mTorr and 10 Torr by ablating a solid plastic target with a high energy laser pulse (10 J, 1012 W/cm2). Experiments are performed at high repetition rate (1 Hz), which allows one-dimensional and two-dimensional Thomson scattering measurements over an area of several cm2 by automatically translating the scattering volume between shots. Electron temperature and density in the blast wave fronts were seen to increase with increasing background gas pressure. Measured electron density and temperature gradients were used to calculate ∂B/∂t∝∇Te×∇ne. The experimentally measured ∂B/∂t showed agreement with the magnetic field probe (B-dot) measurements, revealing that magnetic fields are generated in the observed blast waves via the Biermann battery effect. The results are compared to numerical three-dimensional collisional magnetohydrodynamic simulations performed with FLASH, and are discussed in the context of spontaneous magnetic field generation via the Biermann battery effect.

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Thomson scattering on the large plasma device

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

Two-Dimensional Thomson Scattering in Laser-Produced Plasmas

Two-Dimensional Thomson Scattering in Laser-Produced Plasmas

Multi-dimensional incoherent Thomson scattering system in PHAse Space MApping (PHASMA) facility

Two-dimensional Thomson scattering measurements of misaligned electron density and temperature gradients and associated Biermann battery produced fields

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