Three classes of loci controlling preharvest sprouting in rye (Secale cereale L.) discerned by means of bidirectional selective genotyping (BSG)

Abstract

Bidirectional selective genotyping (BSG) carried out on recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the 541 9 Ot1-3 intercross revealed three classes of selection responsive loci underlying preharvest sprouting (PHS) in rye. Ten PHS directional loci (PHSD) located on chromosomes 1RL (3), 3RS(2), 3RL (2), 5RL (2), and 7RS (1) responded significantly to both directions of the disruptive selection and were epistatic to the remaining two classes. Nine PHS resistance loci (PHSR) mapped on chromosomes 1RS, 1RL, 2RS, 3RS, 4RS, 5RS, 5RL, and 6RL (2) responded only to selection for sprouting resistance, being neutral for selection carried out in opposite direction. Eight PHS enhancing loci mapped on chromosomes 2RL, 3RL, 4RL, 5RL, 6RS, and 7RS (3) were affected by selection for sprouting susceptibility and did not respond to selection for sprouting resistance. Map positions of the selection responsive loci coincided with QTLs for PHS and alpha-amylase activity (AA) detected earlier, but BSG coupled with molecular mapping increased precision of PHS dissection in rye. Efficient strategy of marker assisted selection for preharvest sprouting resistance in rye should be based on PHSD and PHSR loci.

Chromosomal localization of selected SCARs converted from new RAPD, ISSR and R-ISSR markers linked to rye (Secale cereale L.) tolerance to nutrient deprivation stress identified using bulk segregant analysis

“…According to Michelmore et al (1991), Darvasi and Soller (1992), Darvasi and Soller (1994), Wang and Paterson (1994), Gallais et al (2007) and Masojć et al (2009), the significantly different frequency of DNA markers in the genetic profiles of extreme groups proves their connection with the examined trait, effectively identifying DNA regions related to it (Michelmore et al 1991). The probability that the band/marker present in ten of one group (bulk), and absent in ten of a second group (bulk) is not linked to the trait amounts to 2 x 10 -6 (Michelmore et al 1991).…”

“…For R-ISSR combinations, this stage was presented in two papers (Smolik, 2012;Smolik, 2013b). The research was conducted on pooled DNA samples (bulks), searching for products distinguishing 'tolerant' bulks from 'susceptible' ones in both the examined RILs populations (Michelmore et al 1991, Masojć et al 2009). Next, the examinations were repeated for selected primers adding DNA of the respective parental lines and F1 hybrids.…”

Agronomic Properties Assessed for Population of Recombinant Inbred Lines of Rye (Seceale cereale L.) with Known Responses to Nutrient Deficiency Stress at the Seedling Stage

“…Results of the field experiment, presented in this study, fall into the trend of research on revealing the genetic background of tolerance of cereals, including rye, to abiotic stresses (Masojć et al, 2009), including nutrient stress caused by nitrogen and potassium deficiencies assessed at the seedling stage obtained in vitro in mature embryos cultures (Rzepka-Plevneš and Kulpa, 1996;Rzepka-Plevneš et al, 1997a;1997b), hydroponics and under field conditions (Rzepka-Plevneš and Tomczak, 1998).…”

“…The similar mechanisms of plant response to stress of drought and nutrient deficiencies (Ashraf and Harris, 2005) may confirm also research results by Rzepka-Plevneš et al (1997a), describing inbred line Ot1-3 as susceptible to nutrient stress, and may only suggest the possibility of inheriting the genes that determine lack of tolerance to drought from its descendant cultivar Kungs II (Persson, 1976). On the other hand, inbred line Ot1-3 has low activity of α-amylase and has been used as a maternal form -donor of resistance genes in research on sprouting in rye (Masojć et al, 2009, Milczarski et al, 2011.…”

“…Such genotypes are an interesting material for research on mechanisms of heritability of the trait. Segregating descendant populations (F 2 ) and also combinations of highly homogeneous RILs obtained as a result of crossing genotypes extremely different in the examined trait facilitate identification of molecular markers linked to QTL of a given trait or identification of major genes determining it (Lammerts van Bueren et al, 2010;Masojć et al, 2009).…”