Three-dimensional atom probe characterization of alloy element partitioning in cementite during tempering of alloy steel

C-vacancy concentration in cementite, Fe3C1−, in equilibrium with α-Fe[C] and γ-Fe[C]

“…However, there is also evidence for an amorphous structure of the cementite (or, better, of the C-rich regions) [37]. Furthermore, 3-D atom-probe tomography revealed formation of hypostoichiometric cementite precipitates in the course of tempering of steel [40]. Although in both cases (hypostoichiometric cementite in deformed Fe-C and in tempered martensite) the occurrence of low C-content cementite is not governed by bulk thermodynamics, knowledge of the vacancy formation in cementite under "classical" conditions will contribute to a better understanding of the non-stoichiometry of cementite also in the extreme conditions mentioned.…”

3D structural and atomic-scale analysis of lath martensite: Effect of the transformation sequence

“…Regarding martensite composition, similar progress was made due to the advances in another 'enabling' technique, namely, atom probe tomography (APT) [18][19][20][21][22]. Similar to EBSD providing wider access to martensite crystallography, APT triggered investigations of e.g.…”

Effect of Tempering on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Laser Welded and Post-Weld Treated AHSS Specimens

“…9 it can also be seen that the yield strength and the tensile strength is higher for the specimen tempered at 636°C in comparison with specimens without tempering and specimens tempered at 440°C. Zhu et al [15] showed the effect of different alloying elements on microstructural and mechanical properties at low temperature tempering. The results were discussed with respect to the effect of diffusivity of the substitutional alloying elements on maintaining fine distributions of cementite that resist softening during tempering at 300-400°C.…”