Three-dimensional choroidal vascularity index in central serous chorioretinopathy using ultra-widefield swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography

Abstract

BackgroundTo map and compare the three-dimensional choroidal vascularity index (3D-CVI) in eyes with unilateral central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC), fellow eyes and control eyes using ultra-widefield swept source optical coherence tomography (UWF SS-OCTA).MethodsIn this prospective observational study, the 3D-CVIs were measured in 9 subfields or 1 × 1 mm grids by the UWF SS-OCTA with a viewing angle of horizontal 24 × vertical 20 mm. The proportions of vortex vein anastomoses and their corresponding CVI in the central regions were compared among the CSC, fellow and control eyes. Correlations of CVI and vascular density of the large choroidal vessel layer/choriocapillaris layer/choroidal thickness (CT) were also assessed.ResultsThirty-two eyes in 32 patients with unilateral CSC and 32 normal eyes were included in the study. The mean CVI in the eyes with CSC was significantly greater than that in the fellow eyes of CSC and control eyes (41.99 ± 3.56% vs. 40.38 ± 3.855%, P = 0.003; 41.99 ± 3.56% vs. 38.93 ± 4.067%, P = 0.004, respectively). The CVIs in superotemporal, inferotemporal and inferonasal regions were significantly higher in CSC eyes than control eyes (P = 0.03, P = 0.02, P = 0.008). In CSC eyes, there was a linear positive correlation between 3D-CVI and vascular density of the large choroidal vessel layer and CT in all subfields. The proportion of vortex vein anastomoses in CSC was 25/32 (78.1%), and significantly higher in fellow and control eyes (P < 0.001). The average central CVI was significantly higher in CSC eyes with anastomoses than in CSC eyes without anastomoses (42.8 ± 5.1% vs. 38.4 ± 2.7%, P = 0.039). CVIs in superior, central, inferior, superonasal, nasal and inferonasal regions were significantly correlated with vortex vein anastomoses (P < 0.05), regardless of CSC, fellow or healthy eyes. In addition, whether there were vortex vein anastomoses, CVI in superotemporal region was significantly higher in eyes with CSC (P = 0.002) and fellow eyes (P = 0.014), compared to control eyes. No significant correlation was found between hypertension and CVIs in the three groups.ConclusionRemodeling of choroidal drainage routes by venous anastomosis between superior and inferior vortex veins may be common in CSC. The 3D-CVI could be a comprehensive parameter to evaluate the choroid vasculature and help understand the pathogenesis of pachychoroid spectrum disease.

Choroidal vascularity index in different types of central serous chorioretinopathy: A meta-analysis

“…Five studies were included in calculating CVI between uncategorized CSC and control groups. Three studies [ 24 , 30 , 40 ] did not state the exact number of acute or chronic eyes. Collectively they included 92 eyes of CSC and 84 eyes of controls.…”

“…Nine Studies [ 23 – 25 , 29 , 33 , 34 , 37 , 39 , 40 ] compared the difference in CVI between CSC eyes and fellow eyes. Due to high heterogeneity, a subgroup analysis was conducted.…”

“…Eleven studies [ 23 – 25 , 29 , 31 – 34 , 37 , 39 , 40 ] compared CVI between fellow eyes and control eyes. Subgroup analysis was performed based on the type of CSC included.…”

Quantitative evaluation of ocular vascularity and correlation analysis in patients with diabetic retinopathy by SMI and OCTA

“…The CVV reflects the choroid vessel volume per unit area. The larger the value is, the more vessels there are [ 28 ]. According to our results, EDV is the most stable among the three indexes of PCA under SMI.…”

Clinical and multimodal imaging features of acute macular neuroretinopathy lesions following recent SARS-CoV-2 infection

“…LVL was the slab between the choroidoscleral interface and 29 µm beneath the Bruch's membrane. Above the retinal and choroidal interlayer structure were identified automatically with the built-in software [12][13][14] . RESULTS Demographics All patients have binocular AMN.…”