Three-dimensional MXenes heterostructures and their applications

Abstract

Due to their unique surface chemistry, highly adjustable metal components, hydrophilicity, and high carrier concentrations, MXenes are applied in a variety of scenarios. Similar to other two-dimensional (2D) materials, building heterostructures with additional materials to form a 3D porous architecture for MXenes can significantly enhance their functionality and reactivity. Notably, the open structures and well-defined pathways of these 3D structured MXenes can improve ionic and electronic transport, thereby promoting their applications in electrochemical energy storage, sensing, catalysis, and environment. In this review, the recent efforts made on preparing 3D porous MXenes with heterostructures, focusing on MXenes/C, MXenes/inorganics, and MXenes/ polymers were summarized. The discussion covers aspects ranging from the design to synthesis of 3D porous MXenes, and their applications in photocatalysis, environmental monitoring and electrochemical energy storage. This review is concluded by presenting the prospects and insights on exploring the relationships between the porosity formation mechanisms, properties and applications of the 3D porous MXenes heterostructures. This review can provide meaningful guidance for the design, fabrication and application of 3D porous MXenes in high-performance materials and devices.

Emerging carbon-based quantum dots for sustainable photocatalysis

“…[45][46][47][48][49] Since the MAX and MXene phases have hexagonal symmetry structures, the derived MQD systems form hexagonal lattices with the same symmetry. [50][51][52][53][54][55][56] Zeng et al established a hexagonal cluster MQD model for DFT calculations, in which the size of the model was on the brink of the experimental size; this proved the reliability of the calculation results. 57 The high resolution TEM (HRTEM) images of GDQDs demonstrate a typical crystalline structure with a lattice spacing of 0.42 nm (Fig.…”

Applications of bismuth-based nanoparticles for the removal of pollutants in wastewater: a review

“…The catalytic degradation of pollutants by catalysts is a highly effective, eco-friendly, and promising method for the wastewater remediation. 31,32 In recent years, a significant amount of research has been conducted to develop new catalysts that can effectively eliminate pollutants.…”

M4X3 MXenes: Application in Energy Storage Devices

“…Number of reviews on MXenes, MXenes composites, DTM MXenes, etc. have already been published [ 5 , 56 – 62 ] for various applications. It is highly desirable to describe this feature to better comprehend the development potential of MXene family based on the number of atomic layers they possess in the field of energy storage [ 63 – 66 ], specifically supercapacitors (SCs) [ 67 – 70 ].…”