Three-dimensional periodontal tissue regeneration using a bone-ligament complex cell sheet

Abstract

periodontal tissue is a distinctive tissue structure composed three-dimensionally of cementum, periodontal ligament (pDL) and alveolar bone. Severe periodontal diseases cause fundamental problems for oral function and general health, and conventional dental treatments are insufficient for healing to healthy periodontal tissue. cell sheet technology has been used in many tissue regenerations, including periodontal tissue, to transplant appropriate stem/progenitor cells for tissue regeneration of a target site as a uniform tissue. However, it is still difficult to construct a threedimensional structure of complex tissue composed of multiple types of cells, and the transplantation of a single cell sheet cannot sufficiently regenerate a large-scale tissue injury. Here, we fabricated a three-dimensional complex cell sheet composed of a bone-ligament structure by layering pDL cells and osteoblast-like cells on a temperature responsive culture dish. following ectopic and orthotopic transplantation, only the complex cell sheet group was demonstrated to anatomically regenerate the bone-ligament structure along with the functional connection of PDL-like fibers to the tooth root and alveolar bone. this study represents successful three-dimensional tissue regeneration of a large-scale tissue injury using a bioengineered tissue designed to simulate the anatomical structure.

Current Trends in In Vitro Modeling to Mimic Cellular Crosstalk in Periodontal Tissue

“…Moreover, it enhances the success of approaching the development of a functional bone-ligament connection as found in PDL. [106] All of these characteristics make cell-sheet technology a useful approach for future translation into the clinic, although it is more likely they will need to be combined with other bioengineering methods in order to assure a largerscale tissue injury regeneration in clinical trials. [107] In fact, the initial tests for improved interaction between alveolar bone and PDL when applying cell-sheets in vivo are encouraging.…”

The Effect of Laser Photobiomodulation on Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells

“…In recent years, many treatment modalities have been developed for successful regeneration of the periodontium based on guided tissue regeneration and the application of novel cell therapy and tissue engineering techniques or cell homing of the stem cells present in the periodontal defect (1–3). Tissue engineering aims to reconstruct impaired tissues using three essential factors: cells, scaffolds and signaling mediators such as growth factors.…”

Cruciate Ligament Cell Sheets Can Be Rapidly Produced on Thermoresponsive poly(glycidyl ether) Coating and Successfully Used for Colonization of Embroidered Scaffolds

“…Cell sheets can be combined with scaffolds [4,[6][7][8] and might allow a directed seeding of distinct scaffold areas with a particular cell type since they can be placed at defined areas of a scaffold [9]. Sheets produced with different or similar cell types can also be stacked [6,10]. This is of advantage for tissue engineering of zonal and multiple cell types containing tissues such as periodontal tissue [10] or the attachment part of the ACL to bone representing the so called enthesis.…”

“…Sheets produced with different or similar cell types can also be stacked [6,10]. This is of advantage for tissue engineering of zonal and multiple cell types containing tissues such as periodontal tissue [10] or the attachment part of the ACL to bone representing the so called enthesis. Cell sheet formation and maturation often require many weeks and sheet detachment is time-consuming and associated with the risk of cell layer damage [2].…”