Three-Dimensional Pulp Volume Analysis in Lip and Palate Cleft Population

Abstract

Aim: Cleft lip and palate (CLP) patients have a greater predisposition to tooth malformation, which could affect pulp volume. The aim of this study is to evaluate the dental pulp volume of central incisors in 3D images between individuals with and without CLP. Materials and Methods: This retrospective case-control study is single-centered and was recruited between January 2016 and October 2022. Ninety-four patients who were followed in the Institute of Orthodontics were evaluated and divided into two groups: a control group of patients without CLP and a test group of patients with CLP. The 3D data were imported by 3D image semi-automatic segmenting software named ITK-SNAP to calculate tooth pulp volume. Results: The dental pulp volume for both groups, control and CLP, did not show statistically significant differences. In the cleft group, when comparing the pulp volume between the cleft side and the non-cleft side, the cleft side showed a smaller volume. Regarding age and sex, no statistically significant differences were observed. Conclusions: Although there are no differences in mean pulp volume between patients with and without CLP, there is a pulp volume reduction in the teeth on the cleft side when compared to the unaffected contralateral side.