Three-Dimensional Reconstructions of the Developing Forebrain in Rat Embryos

Bayer, Shirley A.; Zhang, Xin; Russo, Raymond J.; Altman, Joseph

doi:10.1006/nimg.1994.1014

Cited by 35 publications

(37 citation statements)

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“…Similarly, human infants that suffered PA presented with a transient increase in ABR thresholds, which, at the age of 6 months, did not differ from the ABR thresholds of healthy controls (27,28). In the present study, ABRs were recorded from 3-month and older rats, which correspond to the later human maturational stages (29). The failure to record a threshold difference in ABRs might also be due to the spectral nonspecificity of this measure, by which the threshold responses might be evoked from a less than completely intact auditory brainstem.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

“…Perinatal lesion of the cochlea leads to disrupted tonotopic representations in both the inferior colliculus and the A1 (34,35), potentially explaining the increased latency recorded for peak V. The inferior colliculus is also one of the most metabolically active structures in the brain (36), and it therefore represents a vulnerable target to PA. Interestingly, neuronal proliferation in the inferior colliculus is prominent, and middlefrequency inputs are arriving in this nucleus in the immediate postnatal period in the rat (29,37).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perinatal anoxia degrades auditory system function in rats

Strata

Deipolyi²,

Bonham³

et al. 2005

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Little is known about the neural bases of the reduced auditory and cortical processing speeds that have been recorded in languageimpaired, autistic, schizophrenic, and other disabled human populations. Although there is strong evidence for genetic contributions to etiologies, epigenetic factors such as perinatal anoxia (PA) have been argued to be contributors, or causal, in a significant proportion of cases. In this article, we explored the consequences of PA on this elementary aspect of auditory behavior and on auditory system function in rats that were briefly perinatally anoxic. PA rats had increased acoustic thresholds and reduced processing efficiencies recorded in an auditory behavioral task. These rats had modestly increased interpeak intervals in their auditory brainstem responses, and substantially longer latencies in poststimulus time histogram responses recorded in the primary auditory cortex. The latter were associated with degraded primary auditory cortex receptive fields and a disrupted tonotopy. These processing deficits are consistent with the parallel behavioral and physiological deficits recorded in children and adults with a history of language-learning impairment and autism.auditory behavior ͉ auditory brainstem responses ͉ auditory cortex ͉ autism ͉ language learning impairment

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perinatal anoxia degrades auditory system function in rats

Strata

Deipolyi²,

Bonham³

et al. 2005

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…These animals have been obtained by prenatal exposure, at the 15th day of uterine life, to methylazoxymethanol (MAM), an antiproliferative agent showing neuroepithelial selectivity [13]. As a consequence of the treatment, these animals show a marked cellular ablation in the intermediate layers of the cortex and in the cornu ammonis (CA) of the hippocampus in agreement with the neurogenetic gradient in rodents [14]. In adulthood, MAM rats are characterized by a marked alteration of synaptic plasticity revealed both as alterations in the inducibility of LTP in the CA1 region of hippocampus [15] and, at behavioural level, as impairment of learning and memory processes [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Differential translocation of protein kinase C isozymes in rats characterized by a chronic lack of LTP induction and cognitive impairment

et al. 1996

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The translocation of protein kinase C isozymes was investigated in an animal model of cognitive deficit and lack of induction of long-term potentiation (LTP). In MAM rats, presynaptic o, 6, E PKC showed enhanced translocation, while postsynaptic ~ PKC displayed decreased translocation when compared to control levels. This imbalance of PKC isozyme translocation between the pre-and post-synaptic compartment might therefore represent a possible molecular cause for the lack of synaptic plasticity observed in these animals.

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“…Lateral ventricular volumes in fetal rats have been estimated previously by Jones & Bucknall (1988) and Bayer et al . (1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood–CSF barrier function in the rat embryo

Johansson

Dzięgielewska

et al. 2006

Eur J of Neuroscience

101

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Blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier function and expansion of the ventricular system were investigated in embryonic rats (E12-18). Permeability markers (sucrose and inulin) were injected intraperitoneally and concentrations measured in plasma and CSF at two sites (lateral and 4th ventricles) after 1 h. Total protein concentrations were also measured. CSF/plasma concentration ratios for endogenous protein were stable at approximately 20% at E14-18 and subsequently declined. In contrast, ratios for sucrose (100%) and inulin (40%) were highest at the earliest ages studied (E13-14) and then decreased substantially. Between E13 and E16 the volume of the lateral ventricles increased over three-fold. Decreasing CSF/plasma concentration ratios for small, passively diffusing molecules during embryonic development may not reflect changes in permeability. Instead, increasing volume of distribution appears to be important in this decline. The intracellular presence of a small marker (3000 Da biotin-dextranamine) in plexus epithelial cells following intraperitoneal injection indicates a transcellular route of transfer. Ultrastructural evidence confirmed that choroid plexus tight junctions are impermeable to small molecules at least as early as E15, indicating the blood-CSF barrier is morphologically and functionally mature early in embryonic development. Comparison of two albumins (human and bovine) showed that transfer of human albumin (surrogate for endogenous protein) was 4-5 times greater than bovine, indicating selective blood-to-CSF transfer. The number of plexus epithelial cells immunopositive for endogenous plasma protein increased in parallel with increases in total protein content of the expanding ventricular system. Results suggest that different transcellular mechanisms for protein and small molecule transfer are operating across the embryonic blood-CSF interface.

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Three-Dimensional Reconstructions of the Developing Forebrain in Rat Embryos

Cited by 35 publications

References 0 publications

Perinatal anoxia degrades auditory system function in rats

Perinatal anoxia degrades auditory system function in rats

Differential translocation of protein kinase C isozymes in rats characterized by a chronic lack of LTP induction and cognitive impairment

Blood–CSF barrier function in the rat embryo

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