Three-dimensional visualization of brain tumor progression based accurate segmentation via comparative holographic projection

Abstract

We propose a new optical method based on comparative holographic projection for visual comparison between two abnormal follow-up magnetic resonance (MR) exams of glioblastoma patients to effectively visualize and assess tumor progression. First, the brain tissue and tumor areas are segmented from the MR exams using the fast marching method (FMM). The FMM approach is implemented on a computed pixel weight matrix based on an automated selection of a set of initialized target points. Thereafter, the associated phase holograms are calculated for the segmented structures based on an adaptive iterative Fourier transform algorithm (AIFTA). Within this approach, a spatial multiplexing is applied to reduce the speckle noise. Furthermore, hologram modulation is performed to represent two different reconstruction schemes. In both schemes, all calculated holograms are superimposed into a single two-dimensional (2D) hologram which is then displayed on a reflective phase-only spatial light modulator (SLM) for optical reconstruction. The optical reconstruction of the first scheme displays a 3D map of the tumor allowing to visualize the volume of the tumor after treatment and at the progression. Whereas, the second scheme displays the follow-up exams in a side-by-side mode highlighting tumor areas, so the assessment of each case can be fast achieved. The proposed system can be used as a valuable tool for interpretation and assessment of the tumor progression with respect to the treatment method providing an improvement in diagnosis and treatment planning.

Utilizing the spatial frequency domain imaging to investigate change in optical parameters of skin exposed to thermal‐hydrotherapy: Ex‐vivo study

“…The laser is expanded and collimated by a CL (Biconvex f ¼ 150 mm) to illuminate the SLM window (HOLOEYE model PLUTO; resolution = 1920 Â 1080 pixels; pixel pitch = 8 μm). SLM provides a direct method for modulating the amplitude and/or the phase of the incident light through a 2-D array structure of discrete pixels according to the displayed pattern [37][38][39] (analogy to deformable mirror 40 ). A λ=2 wave plate is used to select the polarized light with respect to the slow axis of the SLM, since the SLM is a birefringent modulator.…”

Discrimination between normal and cancer white blood cells using holographic projection technique

“…anatomical structure [15][16][17][18]. Computer-generated holograms (CGHs) allow direct access to both the intensity and the phase of an object to provide a complete 3D information of it [19].…”

Adaptive optics-based wavefront-enhanced laser-induced fluorescence (WELIF) for improved analytical performance

“…4 Moreover, beam shaping can be achieved via devices such as spatial light modulators (SLMs) and deformable mirrors (DMs) based on beam shaping algorithms. 5–9 As a result of the significant progress in beam shaping and delivery methodologies, various studies have been developed to investigate their impact on therapeutic and diagnostic procedures, 10,11 tissue imaging, and microscopy. 12–14…”