Three-Ni-atom cluster formed by sulfur adsorption on Ni(111)

Yamada, Masamichi; Hidemi, Hirashima; Kitada, Akihiko; Izumi, Ken-ichi; Nakamura, Junji

doi:10.1016/j.susc.2008.02.033

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In our system, Ag 3 S 3 clusters can be imaged directly, below room temperature, perhaps because their formation energy is negative [41,49] whereas it is positive for the Cu 3 S 3 clusters [28]. (Ni 3 S 3 clusters have also been reported recently, in STM studies on Ni(1 1 1) [53].) However, more direct proof that these trimers enhance the ripening kinetics is desirable.…”

Section: Second Scenario: Mass Transport By M-x Clustersmentioning

confidence: 93%

The effect of chalcogens (O, S) on coarsening of nanoislands on metal surfaces

et al. 2009

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Section: Second Scenario: Mass Transport By M-x Clustersmentioning

confidence: 93%

The effect of chalcogens (O, S) on coarsening of nanoislands on metal surfaces

et al. 2009

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“…On Ni͑111͒, Ni 3 S 3 clusters have been observed with STM. 70 Both the hcp-t and fcc-t configuration were identified at 300 K, but the populations are not equal. The Ni 3 S 3 clusters tend to form multicluster units like those shown in Fig.…”

Section: E Clusters and Adlayer Structures In Other Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15͑a͒. 70 The second case is clusters of Co 3 S 4 on Au͑111͒ and Ag ͑111͒. 33,32 These clusters expedite Co mass transfer in the transformation of Co nanoparticles to a cobalt sulfide phase at 300 K. 33 The structure of the Co 3 S 4 cluster is shown in Fig.…”

Section: E Clusters and Adlayer Structures In Other Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorbate-enhanced transport of metals on metal surfaces: Oxygen and sulfur on coinage metals

Thiel

Shen

Liu

et al. 2010

Journal of Vacuum Science &Amp; Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films

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Coarsening (i.e., ripening) of single-atom-high, metal homoepitaxial islands provides a useful window on the mechanism and kinetics of mass transport at metal surfaces. This article focuses on this type of coarsening on the surfaces of coinage metals (Cu, Ag, Au), both clean and with an adsorbed chalcogen (O, S) present. For the clean surfaces, three aspects are summarized: (1) the balance between the two major mechanisms-Ostwald ripening (the most commonly anticipated mechanism) and Smoluchowski ripening-and how that balance depends on island size; (2) the nature of the mass transport agents, which are metal adatoms in almost all known cases; and (3) the dependence of the ripening kinetics on surface crystallography. Ripening rates are in the order (110)>(111)>(100), a feature that can be rationalized in terms of the energetics of key processes. This discussion of behavior on the clean surfaces establishes a background for understanding why coarsening can be accelerated by adsorbates. Evidence that O and S accelerate mass transport on Ag, Cu, and Au surfaces is then reviewed. The most detailed information is available for two specific systems, S/Ag (111) and S/Cu(111). Here, metal-chalcogen clusters are clearly responsible for accelerated coarsening. This conclusion rests partly on deductive reasoning, partly on calculations of key energetic quantities for the clusters (compared with quantities for the clean surfaces), and partly on direct experimental observations. In these two systems, it appears that the adsorbate, S, must first decorate-and, in fact, saturate-the edges of metal islands and steps, and then build up at least slightly in coverage on the terraces before acceleration begins. Acceleration can occur at coverages as low as a few thousandths to a few hundredths of a monolayer. Despite the significant recent advances in our understanding of these systems, many open questions remain. Among them is the identification of the agents of mass transport on crystallographically different surfaces e.g., 111, 110, and 100. KeywordsAmes Laboratory, Materials Science and Engineering, Mathematics, Physics and Astronomy Disciplines Biological and Chemical Physics | Materials Science and Engineering | Mathematics | Physical Chemistry CommentsThe following article appeared in Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology A 28, no. 6 (2010) Coarsening ͑i.e., ripening͒ of single-atom-high, metal homoepitaxial islands provides a useful window on the mechanism and kinetics of mass transport at metal surfaces. This article focuses on this type of coarsening on the surfaces of coinage metals ͑Cu, Ag, Au͒, both clean and with an adsorbed chalcogen ͑O, S͒ present. For the clean surfaces, three aspects are summarized: ͑1͒ the balance between the two major mechanisms-Ostwald ripening ͑the most commonly anticipated mechanism͒ and Smoluchowski ripening-and how that balance depends on island size; ͑2͒ the nature of the mass transport agents, which are metal adatoms in almost all known cases; and ͑3͒ the dependence of the ripe...

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“…On Ni(111), a triangular Ni 3 S 3 cluster has been identified, although its role in coarsening was not studied. 13 On Cu(111), a triangular Cu 3 S 3 cluster has been proposed on the basis of density functional theory (DFT; Ref. 5) and kinetic measurements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Destabilization of Ag nanoislands on Ag(100) by adsorbed sulfur

Shen

Russell

Liu

et al. 2011

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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Sulfur accelerates coarsening of Ag nanoislands on Ag(100) at 300 K, and this effect is enhanced with increasing sulfur coverage over a range spanning a few hundredths of a monolayer, to nearly 0.25 monolayers. We propose that acceleration of coarsening in this system is tied to the formation of AgS 2 clusters primarily at step edges. These clusters can transport Ag more efficiently than can Ag adatoms (due to a lower diffusion barrier and comparable formation energy). The mobility of isolated sulfur on Ag(100) is very low so that formation of the complex is kinetically limited at low sulfur coverages, and thus enhancement is minimal. However, higher sulfur coverages force the population of sites adjacent to step edges, so that formation of the cluster is no longer limited by diffusion of sulfur across terraces. Sulfur exerts a much weaker effect on the rate of coarsening on Ag(100) than it does on Ag(111). This is consistent with theory, which shows that the difference between the total energy barrier for coarsening with and without sulfur is also much smaller on Ag(100) than on Ag(111). KeywordsAmes Laboratory, Materials Science and Engineering, adsorption, diffusion barriers, island structure, monolayers, nanostructured materials, silver, sulphur Disciplines Biological and Chemical Physics | Life Sciences | Materials Science and Engineering | Physical Chemistry CommentsReprinted with permission from The Journal of Physical Chemistry C 135, no. 15 (2011) Sulfur accelerates coarsening of Ag nanoislands on Ag(100) at 300 K, and this effect is enhanced with increasing sulfur coverage over a range spanning a few hundredths of a monolayer, to nearly 0.25 monolayers. We propose that acceleration of coarsening in this system is tied to the formation of AgS 2 clusters primarily at step edges. These clusters can transport Ag more efficiently than can Ag adatoms (due to a lower diffusion barrier and comparable formation energy). The mobility of isolated sulfur on Ag(100) is very low so that formation of the complex is kinetically limited at low sulfur coverages, and thus enhancement is minimal. However, higher sulfur coverages force the population of sites adjacent to step edges, so that formation of the cluster is no longer limited by diffusion of sulfur across terraces. Sulfur exerts a much weaker effect on the rate of coarsening on Ag(100) than it does on Ag(111). This is consistent with theory, which shows that the difference between the total energy barrier for coarsening with and without sulfur is also much smaller on Ag(100) than on Ag(111).

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Three-Ni-atom cluster formed by sulfur adsorption on Ni(111)

Cited by 11 publications

References 20 publications

The effect of chalcogens (O, S) on coarsening of nanoislands on metal surfaces

The effect of chalcogens (O, S) on coarsening of nanoislands on metal surfaces

Adsorbate-enhanced transport of metals on metal surfaces: Oxygen and sulfur on coinage metals

Destabilization of Ag nanoislands on Ag(100) by adsorbed sulfur

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