Three Types of Dramatic Irony

Airaksinen, Timo

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-23015-8_2

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Varsinkin finanssi-ja vakuutussektoreilla, tukku-ja vähittäis-1 Kyse on siis nimenomaan rekisteröidyistä yhteisöistä eikä tilastoista ilmene, kuinka moni niistä harjoittaa liiketoimintaa. 2 Airaksinen (2023), 81. 3 Tätäkin lukua koskee alaviitteessä 1 esitetty.…”

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“…56 Tätä vasten olisi paikallaan harkita, pitäisikö OKL 1:5 muotoilla siten, että se edellyttäisi osuuskunnan palvelevan jäsentensä intressejä yhteisön toimintaympäristön hyvinvointia tukevalla tavalla. 57 Tämä ei kuitenkaan tarkoittaisi siirtymistä niin sanotun vahvan yhteiskuntavastuun malliin, 58 koska se miten ja missä laajuudessa osuuskunnan tulisi tukea toimintaympäristönsä hyvinvointia, olisi jätettävä asianomaisen yhteisön omaan harkin-55 Airaksinen (2023), 177. 56 Ks.…”

Section: Osuuskunnan Toiminnan Tarkoitusunclassified

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Osuuskuntien sääntely ja osuuskuntaperiaatteet

Pönkä

2024

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The purpose of this article is to assess how the Finnish Cooperatives Act should be devel-oped so that it would better reflect the Cooperative Principles laid down by the Internation-al Cooperative Alliance. There is much evidence showing that cooperatives are important (socio)economic actors, hence, cooperative identity needs to be preserved through legisla-tion. It is, for example, argued that the principles of one member one vote and concern for the community should be enhanced through legislation. Furthermore, equity-based financ-ing instruments that promote investor interests should not be developed further. Instead, attention should be paid to such financing methods that are better aligned with the Coop-erative Principles.

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Osuuskuntien sääntely ja osuuskuntaperiaatteet

Pönkä

2024

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“…Next, tragic irony, which is a version of dramatic irony: the audience knows what will happen better than the characters on stage. (Airaksinen 2023). If the events are tragic, this is called tragic irony.…”

Section: The Idea Of Tragic Ironymentioning

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Tragedy, Tragic Irony, and War: A Dialectical Approach

Airaksinen

2023

Humanities

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Tragic irony may mean the dramatic irony in scripted tragedy (tragic play). The audience can predict the regrettable outcome on the stage before the main characters do. I focus on non-scripted events and their tragic aspects. Colloquially, disaster and tragedy are synonyms, but this is misleading. Tragedy means a disaster in special circumstances, which I suggest we can read ironically. This is to say, as I argue, tragedy is necessarily ironic. I read Richard Rorty on irony and Hegel on tragic irony and cunning of reason. My aim is to redescribe real-life conflicts by using the dialectical understanding of irony and tragedy. Following Rorty and Hegel, I apply their theories of identity to real tragedies. The validation of the theory of literary criticism is a practical matter. My key illustrations come from modern wars; wars are and cause disasters, and thus I expect we can discover cases of tragic irony in factual and counterfactual contexts. Sometimes, the losses and suffering would have been meaningless regardless of the war’s outcome. The winner suffers, but it would have been better not to win. The losers suffer, but it would not have been better had they won. A total defeat would have been better than a conditional one. These redescriptions show the ironic differences between disaster and tragedy in non-scripted contexts—and all these cases are controversial.

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Three Types of Dramatic Irony

Cited by 2 publications

References 20 publications

Osuuskuntien sääntely ja osuuskuntaperiaatteet

Osuuskuntien sääntely ja osuuskuntaperiaatteet

Tragedy, Tragic Irony, and War: A Dialectical Approach

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