Through the narrow pass: Experiencing same‐sex friendship in heterosexual(ist) settings

Arnold, Lorin Basden

doi:10.1080/10510979509368454

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Research comparing same-sex versus cross-sex friendships suggests that, although cross-sex friendships may be more challenging (Monsour et al, 1994;O'Meara, 1989;Werking, 1997), they offer distinct rewards. Arnold's (1995) study of participants' narratives revealed that cross-sex friendships constantly present the difficulties that accompany jealousy, sexual tension, communication differences and the struggle to control outside judgment of the relationship. Same-sex friendships do not provoke such questions or manifest the sexual tension of cross-sex friendships (Egland et al, 1996;Rawlins, 1992;Werking, 1997).…”

Section: Sex Of Relational Partnersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relational quality and media use in interpersonal relationships

Baym

Zhang

Kunkel

et al. 2007

New Media & Society

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Abstract:This study examined the relationship between relational quality and media use in interpersonal relationships. In addition, the impacts of other potentially important variables such as sex and relationship type of participants and their partners were explored. College student participants focused on interaction experiences with an acquaintance, friend, romantic partner, or family member. Questions addressed the sex of relational partners, how much of participants' total communication with relational partners is conducted in each of three media (i.e., face-to-face, phone, and internet), and the quality of relationships.Results indicated that participant sex and partner sex did not affect reported media use, whereas relationship type had significant effects on the extent to which face-to-face and telephone communication were used. Specifically, among the college students studied, face-to-face communication was used least with family members and the telephone was used most with family members. Relationships with acquaintances had the lowest relational quality and romantic relationships, while closer, were less satisfying than either family or friendship relationships. Same-sex relationships were perceived as more satisfying than cross-sex relationships. Finally, media use did not predict relational closeness or satisfaction. Results are discussed in light of previous research on mediated interpersonal communication and conceptualizations of the role of communication technology in one's social life are highlighted.Key Words: relational quality, relational satisfaction, relational closeness, media use, relationship type, sex Baym, N., Zhang, Y. B., . Relational quality and media use in interpersonal relationships. New Media & Society, 9, 735-752. Publisher's official version: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444807080339, Open Access version: http://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/dspace/. 2 Text of paper:Relational Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Adrianne Kunkel, Department of Communication Studies, 102 Bailey Hall, 1440 Jayhawk Blvd., University of Kansas, Lawrence, Email: adkunkel@ku.edu). . Relational quality and media use in interpersonal relationships. New Media & Society, 9, 735-752. Publisher's official version: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444807080339, Open Access version: http://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/dspace/. 3With the proliferation of the internet and mobile telephones, communication in interpersonal relationships is increasingly mediated by technology. Questions about whether mediation enhances or detracts from relational quality are thus increasingly relevant. Although research findings have been mixed (e.g. Walther, 1996), both scholarly research and popular perception have held that computers are a nonverbally-impoverished "lean" medium (Daft & Lengel, 1984), which makes it challenging to create a sense of social presence (Short, Williams, & Christie, 1976) and convey the interpersonal cues so important to creating and maintaining emotional closeness. Accordingly, much rese...

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Section: Sex Of Relational Partnersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Same-sex friendships may offer benefits besides ease of maintenance (Arnold, 1995). Research finds that men's same-sex friendships offer opportunities for the pursuit of desirable activities (Aukett et al, 1988;Mazur and Olver, 1987;Strikwerda and May, 1992).…”

Section: Sex Of Relational Partnersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relational quality and media use in interpersonal relationships

Baym

Zhang

Kunkel

et al. 2007

New Media & Society

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“…Given that strife and numerous concerns accompany the existence of cross-sex friendships (Arnold, 1995), this may cause individuals to carefully consider the allocation of their social energy and personal resources; accordingly, relational types may continue to be a viable avenue for exploring the concepts of CBB theory. Factors like age and organizational position affect, in various degrees, an individual's willingness to form and maintain cross-sex friendships with other organizational members.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research comparing cross-sex and same-sex friendships suggests that heterosexual, cross-sex friendships may be more challenging than same-sex friendships (Baym, Zhang, Kunkel, Ledbetter, & Lin, 2007;Monsour, Harris, Kurzweil, & Beard, 1994;O'Meara, 1989;Werking, 1997). Although all friendships require social energy, cross-sex friendships may be more challenging than same-sex friendships because they are rife with difficulties like jealousy, sexual tension, and outside judgment of the relationship (Arnold, 1995). Same-sex friendships do not face these same challenges because the nature of the friendships does not provoke sexual tension or require justification of the friendship's boundaries (Egland, Spitzberg, & Zormeier, 1996).…”

Section: Energy Investmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The present study's goal was to first target individuals' perceptions of social energy expenditure in the context of cross-sex friendships, which are known to have tensions and other barriers surrounding the friendship (Arnold, 1995). Since the present study targeted individuals' perceptions, homosexuals, along with those with other gender identities besides the binary malefemale dichotomy, could contribute to this area of research because they have observed cross-sex friendships in the workplace and could offer insight.…”

Section: Strengths Limitations and Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Creating Sustainable Workplace Environments: An Exploratory Study of Social Energy Expenditure in Cross-Sex, Heterosexual Organizational Friendships

Green¹

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This thesis outlines the reasoning and methods used to investigate the concept of social energy expenditure from Hall and Davis' (2017) communicate bond belong (CBB) theory as a lens for understanding how individuals invest social energy into forming and maintaining crosssex, heterosexual friendships in organizations. Informed by previous literature, this study explores the intersect between interpersonal communication and organizational communication.Apart from Hall (2018), no other scholars have tested the 2017 CBB theory. Therefore, the present study's goal is to provide a foundational inquiry into the theory's usability by applying the core concept of social energy expenditure and by specifically testing theorem 5b from principle 5 (i.e., the principle of human energy investment). The testing of CBB, as a new theory, adds a valuable contribution to the field of communication.

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Stop Before You Hurt the Kids: Communicating Self-Control and Self-Negation in Femininity, Mothering, and Eating Disorders

Arnold

Doran

2007

Women's Studies in Communication

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Through the narrow pass: Experiencing same‐sex friendship in heterosexual(ist) settings

Cited by 3 publications

References 22 publications

Relational quality and media use in interpersonal relationships

Relational quality and media use in interpersonal relationships

Creating Sustainable Workplace Environments: An Exploratory Study of Social Energy Expenditure in Cross-Sex, Heterosexual Organizational Friendships

Stop Before You Hurt the Kids: Communicating Self-Control and Self-Negation in Femininity, Mothering, and Eating Disorders

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