Thymic basaloid carcinoma: a rare clinical entity

Manthri, Sukesh; Rehman, Haroon H; Costello, Patrick; Chakraborty, Kanishka

doi:10.1136/bcr-2019-231980

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Several authors have documented unresectable basaloid carcinomas, others invasion into adjacent structures, such as pleura, pericardium, and lung, and some have reported metastatic disease to the liver. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] It is important to note, that due to the unusual occurrence of basaloid carcinomas, most of the reported cases have been individual case reports. Although it has been recognized that some basaloid carcinomas were associated with a multilocular thymic cyst, 5 so far, the presence of B-cell lymphoid hyperplasia has not been reported as a feature of thymic carcinomas in general and more specifically in basaloid carcinomas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even though in the past, basaloid carcinoma has been grouped among the low-grade thymic carcinomas, there are reports of these tumors displaying more aggressive behavior. Several authors have documented unresectable basaloid carcinomas, others invasion into adjacent structures, such as pleura, pericardium, and lung, and some have reported metastatic disease to the liver 13–19 . It is important to note, that due to the unusual occurrence of basaloid carcinomas, most of the reported cases have been individual case reports.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Thymus With Prominent B-Cell Lymphoid Hyperplasia

Weissferdt

Moran

2023

American Journal of Surgical Pathology

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Ten cases of basaloid squamous cell carcinomas of the thymus are presented. The patients are 6 women and 4 men ranging in ages between 51 and 72 years (average: 61.5 y), who presented with nonspecific symptoms of cough, dyspnea, and chest pain with no history of malignancy, myasthenia gravis, or other autoimmune disease. Surgical resection of the mediastinal masses via thoracotomy or sternotomy was performed in all patients. Grossly, the tumors varied in size from 2 to 8 cm, were light tan in color, solid and slightly hemorrhagic, and had infiltrative borders. Histologically, scanning magnification showed elongated interanastomosing ribbons of tumors cells embedded in a lymphoid stroma containing germinal centers. At higher magnification, the tumors cells were round to oval with moderate amounts of lightly eosinophilic cytoplasm, oval nuclei, moderate cellular atypia, and mitotic activity ranging from 3 to 5 mitotic figures per 10 HPFs. In 8 cases, the tumor invaded perithymic adipose tissue, in 1 case the tumor infiltrated pericardium, and in 1 case, the tumor involved the pleura. Immunohistochemical stains showed positive staining in the epithelial component for pancytokeratin, p63, keratin 5/6, and p40, while CD20 and CD79a characterized the lymphoid component. Clinical follow-up was obtained in 7 patients. Two patients died within 24 months and 5 patients remained alive between 12 and 60 months. The current cases highlight the unusual feature of B-cell lymphoid hyperplasia in these tumors and their potential aggressive behavior.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Thymus With Prominent B-Cell Lymphoid Hyperplasia

Weissferdt

Moran

2023

American Journal of Surgical Pathology

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“…To our knowledge, no more than 30 cases of thymic basaloid carcinoma have been reported in the literature (2). Accurate differentiation between basaloid carcinoma of the thymus and mediastinal teratoma is crucial due to the disparate treatment paradigms associated with these entities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thymic tumors are particularly intricate due to their potential to manifest in a wide range of histological subtypes, each presenting distinct clinical and pathological characteristics (1). One such rare and challenging variant is basaloid carcinoma of the thymus, which poses diagnostic dilemmas due to its resemblance to other mediastinal masses (2). In this case report, we present a perplexing clinical scenario where a patient with a presumed mediastinal teratoma was ultimately diagnosed with basaloid carcinoma of the thymus following comprehensive pathological and immunohistochemical analyses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A basaloid carcinoma with multilocular thymic cyst mimicking a mediastinal teratoma: A case report

Su,

Zhu,

Wang

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: Thymic tumors pose diagnostic challenges, with basaloid carcinoma being a rare and elusive variant that can mimic other mediastinal masses. Case presentation: We present a case of a 71-year-old female initially diagnosed with a mediastinal teratoma. Imaging displayed a cystic, calcified tumor with close proximity to vital structures, suggestive of a mediastinal teratoma. The patient underwent subxiphoid thoracoscopic mediastinal tumor resection, and postoperative pathology and immunohistochemistry revealed thymic basaloid carcinoma. Fortunately, the patient had no postoperative complications, and no signs of tumor recurrence or metastasis were found during the 3-month follow-up. Conclusions: While thymic basaloid carcinoma is infrequent, its resemblance to mediastinal teratoma complicates diagnosis and treatment planning. As we accumulate cases, a collective analysis will enhance diagnostic precision and therapeutic approaches for these intricate malignancies.

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“…Primary thymic carcinoma is a rare malignancy and particularly basaloid type is an even rarer subtype, with less than 20 cases published as individual case reports in the English literature [ 4 ]. According to literature, the most common presentations have been an incidental finding on a routine chest X-ray and dyspnea on exertion, while two cases reported chest pain on initial presentation [ 5 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical management of locally invasive basaloid carcinoma of thymic gland

Lee

Gorton

Tully

et al. 2021

Journal of Surgical Case Reports

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Thymic basaloid carcinoma is an extremely rare thymic tumor variant, and the most common presentations have been an incidental finding on a routine chest X-ray and dyspnea on exertion. Given its rarity, no treatment modalities have been demonstrated to improve survival. This rare case describes a patient with locally advanced thymic basaloid carcinoma treated by en bloc resection of phrenic nerve and left upper lobe with the tumor followed by adjuvant radiation therapy. Patient had no respiratory complaints at 10 months follow-up, and 10-month post-operative surveillance radiological study showed no objective sign of tumor recurrence.

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Thymic basaloid carcinoma: a rare clinical entity

Cited by 6 publications

References 7 publications

Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Thymus With Prominent B-Cell Lymphoid Hyperplasia

Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Thymus With Prominent B-Cell Lymphoid Hyperplasia

A basaloid carcinoma with multilocular thymic cyst mimicking a mediastinal teratoma: A case report

Surgical management of locally invasive basaloid carcinoma of thymic gland

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