Thymic Neuroblastoma within a Thymic Cyst in an Adult

Ueda, Yuichiro; Omasa, Mitsugu; Taki, Toshihiko; Okabe, Ryo; Cho, Hiroyuki; Tanaka, Shōji; Huang, Cheng-long; Yuba, Yoshiaki

doi:10.1159/000342357

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The exceedingly rare neuroblastomas and ganglioneuroblastomas of the thymic region are unusual, since they occur in elderly patients. 86, 87 It is unknown, whether they are genetically distinct from their childhood counterparts.…”

Section: Novelties In the New Who Classification Of Mediastinal Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The 2015 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Thymus: Continuity and Changes

Marx

Chan

Coindre

et al. 2015

Journal of Thoracic Oncology

521

420

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This overview of the 4th edition of the WHO Classification of thymic tumors has two aims. First, to comprehensively list the established and new tumour entities and variants that are described in the new WHO Classification of thymic epithelial tumors, germ cell tumors, lymphomas, dendritic cell and myeloid neoplasms, and soft tissue tumors of the thymus and mediastinum; second, to highlight major differences in the new WHO Classification that result from the progress that has been made since the 3rd edition in 2004 at immunohistochemical, genetic and conceptual levels. Refined diagnostic criteria for type A, AB, B1–B3 thymomas and thymic squamous cell carcinoma are given and will hopefully improve the reproducibility of the classification and its clinical relevance. The clinical perspective of the classification has been strengthened by involving experts from radiology, thoracic surgery and oncology; by incorporating state-of-the-art PET/CT images; and by depicting prototypic cytological specimens. This makes the thymus section of the new WHO Classification of Tumours of the Lung, Pleura, Thymus and Heart a valuable tool for pathologists, cytologists and clinicians alike. The impact of the new WHO Classification on therapeutic decisions is exemplified in this overview for thymic epithelial tumors and mediastinal lymphomas, and future perspectives and challenges are discussed.

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Section: Novelties In the New Who Classification Of Mediastinal Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The 2015 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Thymus: Continuity and Changes

Marx

Chan

Coindre

et al. 2015

Journal of Thoracic Oncology

521

420

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Literature review showed many primary site neuroblastomas spreading to others parts of the body, but none of these patients below 3 years of age presented oral metastasis. [ 18 19 20 ] Because oral manifestations are usually observed in older age. Oral metastases can grow rapidly causing pain, difficulty in chewing, dysphagia, disfigurement, and intermittent bleeding, leading to poor quality of life.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroblastoma in early childhood: A rare case report and review of literature

Kalaskar

2016

Contemp Clin Dent

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Neuroblastoma is an extremely rare pediatric neoplasm whose prognosis becomes poor and poor as the age advances. It can be sporadic or nonfamilial in origin. It is primarily a tumor of abdominal origin from where it metastasis to lymph nodes, liver, intracranial and orbital sites, and central nervous system. There is no standard dental treatment protocol for the management of neuroblastoma due to its poor survival rate and rarity. However, dental treatment may follow the protocol of preventive and restorative. Surgicals should be performed under supervision as it may trigger metastasis. We report a rare case of neuroblastoma in a 3-year-old child presenting classical oral manifestations such as bilateral palatal swelling, rolled border ulcer on the posterior part of hard palate adjacent to primary molars, and bilateral proptosis.

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“…Mortality is low in children, but there are relatively few data regarding the prognosis in elderly patients. Nine cases of thymic neuroblastoma in patients over 50 years of age have been published in the English-language literature over the last 35 years (8,9,(11)(12)(13)(14)(15). A review of demographics, size, association with SIADH, and outcomes is shown in Table 2.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistant Hyponatremia Secondary to the Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion Associated with Thymic Neuroblastoma

Aramburu‐Bodas

Salamanca‐Bautista

Scocco

et al. 2016

AACE Clinical Case Reports

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Objective: The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is the most frequent cause of euvolemic hyponatremia. We present a case of an extremely rare tumor in adults along with SIADH, as well a review of the literature. Methods: A 67-year-old woman was hospitalized following detection of a serum sodium (SNa) level of 112 mmol/L. SIADH of unknown etiology was diagnosed and fluid restriction was initiated, with a partial response. A computed tomography (CT) scan revealed small thoracic nodes as the only finding. The patient was discharged and referred for outpatient follow-up (SNa, 126 mmol/L). After 6 months, chest CT scan and laboratory testing were repeated, with similar results. After a 2-year follow-up, the patient presented with marked weakness again. SNa was 132 mmol/L. Tolvaptan was initiated, with a final dose of 60 mg, with a subsequent 4 mmol/L rise in SNa and excellent tolerance. One year after tolvaptan was started, the patient was hospitalized with severe hyponatremia (115 mmol/L). Results: A chest CT scan showed a mediastinal mass located in the thymus. Vasopressin (AVP) concentration was extremely elevated. The patient underwent tumor resection and was diagnosed with adult neuroblastoma. SNa levels, blood osmolality, and plasma AVP concentration completely normalized 2 weeks after tumor removal. Conclusion: Follow-up and periodic screening for cancer should be considered in long-standing SIADH of unknown etiology. Some patients with extremely high AVP levels may not respond/maintain response to tolvaptan therapy. Determination of AVP levels may be helpful for the management of SIADH in these patients. (AACE Clinical Case Rep. 2016;2:e1-e6) Abbreviations: AVP = vasopressin; CT = computed tomography; P OSM = plasma osmolality; SIADH = syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion; SNa = serum sodium; U OSM = urine osmolality

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Thymic Neuroblastoma within a Thymic Cyst in an Adult

Cited by 14 publications

References 8 publications

The 2015 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Thymus: Continuity and Changes

The 2015 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Thymus: Continuity and Changes

Neuroblastoma in early childhood: A rare case report and review of literature

Resistant Hyponatremia Secondary to the Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion Associated with Thymic Neuroblastoma

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