Thyroarytenoid muscle activity during hypocapnic central apneas in awake nonsedated lambs

Kianicka, Irenej; Leroux, Jean-François; Praud, Jean‐Paul

doi:10.1152/jappl.1994.76.3.1262

Cited by 42 publications

(41 citation statements)

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“…By contrast, during hypoxia and hypocapnia, a Dejours test produces apnea and increased TA activity (31). This and other studies (31)(32)(33)(34)(35) demonstrate that TA activity during central apnea can occur without increased carotid body input. Thus, it is unlikely that carotid body or vagal afferent input produces the laryngeal closure during the hypopnea of hypoxic ischemia.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Laryngeal Muscle Activities with Cerebral Hypoxia–Ischemia in Newborn Lambs

Hutchison¹,

Burchfield²,

Wozniak³

et al. 2002

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

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This study tested the hypotheses that (1) acute cerebral hypoxia-ischemia changes laryngeal adductor, laryngeal abductor, and diaphragmatic activities, resulting in central apnea with laryngeal closure; and (2) these laryngeal muscle activities act to maintain absolute lung volume. The respiratory pattern was determined in three asphyxiated, awake preterm lambs after cesarean section birth and in 12 awake, term lambs, with normal lung function, after induction of acute cerebral hypoxia-ischemia by occlusion of the brachiocephalic artery. Electrocorticogram activity, flow, volume, electromyograms of laryngeal abductor and adductor muscles and diaphragm, and, in the term lambs, trans-upper airway pressure and carotid blood flow were recorded. With either preterm birth asphyxia or induced acute cerebral hypoxia-ischemia, minute ventilation initially increased, and then hypopnea occurred. During the hypopnea, laryngeal adductor activity was prominent, accompanied by an increased upper airway pressure and a maintained/raised absolute lung volume. Thus, when acute hypoxia-ischemia limited to the upper body is induced in lambs with normal lung function, expiratory laryngeal adduction with closure of the upper airway occurs and likely functions to aid autoresuscitation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Laryngeal Muscle Activities with Cerebral Hypoxia–Ischemia in Newborn Lambs

Hutchison¹,

Burchfield²,

Wozniak³

et al. 2002

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

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“…One lamb received one intramuscular injection of dexamethasone (0.5 mg/kg) 1 day after surgery to decrease laryngeal inflammation manifested by weak bleating. Bipolar enameled chrome wire electrodes were inserted into the thyroarytenoid (TA, a glottal adductor) and diaphragm muscles for recording of electrical activity (EMG) (14), together with custom-designed electrodes for EEG (EEG) recordings (30). A cup electrode was also inserted under the scalp as a ground.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laryngeal chemoreflexes induced by acid, water, and saline in nonsedated newborn lambs during quiet sleep

St-Hilaire¹,

Nsegbe²,

Gagnon-Gervais³

et al. 2005

Journal of Applied Physiology

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“…A mixture of 5% dextrose, 3 meq ⅐ kg Ϫ1 ⅐ day Ϫ1 NaCl, 1.5 meq ⅐ kg Ϫ1 ⅐ day Ϫ1 KCl, and 2 meq ⅐ kg Ϫ1 ⅐ day Ϫ1 Ca 2ϩ was systematically infused perioperatively. Bipolar enameled chrome wire electrodes were inserted into the TA, CT, and diaphragm (Dia) muscles for recording EMG activity (20). Custom-designed electrodes for EEG, electrooculogram (EOG), and ECG recordings were also implanted as previously described (39).…”

Section: Surgical Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laryngeal response to nasal ventilation in nonsedated newborn lambs

Moreau-Bussière¹,

Samson²,

St-Hilaire³

et al. 2007

Journal of Applied Physiology

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Although endoscopic studies in adult humans have suggested that laryngeal closure can limit alveolar ventilation during nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (nIPPV), there are no available data regarding glottal muscle activity during nIPPV. In addition, laryngeal behavior during nIPPV has not been investigated in neonates. The aim of the present study was to assess laryngeal muscle response to nIPPV in nonsedated newborn lambs. Nine newborn lambs were instrumented for recording states of alertness, electrical activity [electromyograph (EMG)] of glottal constrictor (thyroarytenoid, TA) and dilator (cricothyroid, CT) muscles, EMG of the diaphragm (Dia), and mask and tracheal pressures. nIPPV in pressure support (PS) and volume control (VC) modes was delivered to the lambs via a nasal mask. Results show that increasing nIPPV during wakefulness and quiet sleep led to a progressive disappearance of Dia and CT EMG and to the appearance and subsequent increase in TA EMG during inspiration, together with an increase in trans-upper airway pressure (TUAP). On rare occasions, transmission of nIPPV through the glottis was prevented by complete, active glottal closure, a phenomenon more frequent during active sleep epochs, when irregular bursts of TA EMG were observed. In conclusion, results of the present study suggest that active glottal closure develops with nIPPV in nonsedated lambs, especially in the VC mode. Our observations further suggest that such closure can limit lung ventilation when raising nIPPV in neonates. thyroarytenoid muscle; cricothyroid muscle; diaphragm; states of alertness; intermittent positive-pressure ventilation NASAL INTERMITTENT positive-pressure ventilation (nIPPV) is increasingly used in the neonatal period (12) as treatment for respiratory distress syndrome (22) and apneas of prematurity (3,27) and as a bridge between endotracheal tube ventilation and spontaneous ventilation (6,19). Previous studies using endoscopic observations in adult humans have shown that laryngeal closure can occur during nIPPV, especially in the volume control (VC) mode (17, 18, 34 -36). In addition, laryngeal closure appears to increase with increasing ventilatory support, together with decreasing subglottal (alveolar) ventilation (40). Such laryngeal behavior is of high clinical importance since it has been linked to falls in oxygen saturation when increasing nIPPV during sleep in adult humans (7) and could divert positive pressure from the airways, leading to increased gastric distension (11). However, although the glottal closure observed endoscopically during nIPPV suggests an active contraction of glottal constrictor muscles, there are, to our knowledge, no data on glottal muscle electromyograms (EMG) during nIPPV. Moreover, there are no currently available studies on laryngeal dynamics during nIPPV in the neonatal period. Thus the aim of the present study was to test the hypotheses that 1) glottal narrowing during nIPPV is also present in the neonatal period, especially in the VC mode; and 2) glottal...

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Thyroarytenoid muscle activity during hypocapnic central apneas in awake nonsedated lambs

Cited by 42 publications

References 0 publications

Laryngeal Muscle Activities with Cerebral Hypoxia–Ischemia in Newborn Lambs

Laryngeal Muscle Activities with Cerebral Hypoxia–Ischemia in Newborn Lambs

Laryngeal chemoreflexes induced by acid, water, and saline in nonsedated newborn lambs during quiet sleep

Laryngeal response to nasal ventilation in nonsedated newborn lambs

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