Thyroglobulin Antibodies Could be a Potential Predictive Marker for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

Vasileiadis, Ioannis; Boutzios, Georgios; Charitoudis, Georgios; Koukoulioti, Eleni; Karatzas, Theodore

doi:10.1245/s10434-014-3593-x

Cited by 51 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…This finding was concordant with the literature which reported higher anti-TG positivity in patients with PTC compared to the general population suggesting that it is associated with increased risk for malignancy (16)(17)(18). Also, anti-TPO positivity was presented to have a protective role against thyroid cancer (19).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Rate of Malignancy in Exophytic Thyroid Nodules

et al. 2017

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Background: There are ultrasonography (US) features suggested to be associated with a higher risk of malignancy in thyroid nodules. However, exophytic appearence of thyroid nodules has not been studied previously. Objectives: To evaluate US features, and cytological and histopathological findings in exophytic thyroid nodules. Patients and Methods:Patients with an exophytic thyroid nodule who underwent fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) between January and July 2015 were evaluated prospectively. Demographical data, US features, and cytology results were noted and histopathological findings were determined in operated patients. The results were compared with non-exophytic nodules of age and sex matched patients. Results: Data of 253 exophytic nodules in 247 patients and 529 non-exophytic nodules in 357 patients were analyzed. Hypoechogenity, mixed texture, and absence of peripheral halo were significantly higher in exophytic nodules (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, and P = 0.018, respectively). Nondiagnostic, atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of undetermined significance and suspicious for malignancy cytology results were significantly higher in exophytic nodules (P = 0.002, P < 0.001 and P < 0.001 respectively). 6.7% of exophytic nodules and 1.9% of non-exophytic nodules had malignant cytology (P = 0.001). Histopathologically, 35 (47.9%) of 73 exophytic nodules and 18 (24.3%) of 74 non-exophytic nodules were malignant (P < 0.01). Capsular invasion was higher in the malignant exophytic group (53.5% vs 14.3%, P = 0.027). US features other than hypoechoic pattern which was higher in the malignant group were similar in benign and malignant exophytic nodules. Conclusions: Exophytic nodules seem to carry a higher rate of malignancy both cytologically and histopathologically. Suspicous US features except hypoechoic pattern were not higher in malignant compared to benign exophytic nodules.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Rate of Malignancy in Exophytic Thyroid Nodules

et al. 2017

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“…Similar to the studies published until 2011 (see above), numerous retrospective studies using surgical specimens reported the high-er prevalence of lymphocyte infiltration and/or anti-thyroid autoantibodies (anti-Tg and/or anti-TPO) in patients with PTCs as compared to those with other types of thyroid cancers or benign goiters/nodules [10,11,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] (▶table 1). The majority of Hashimoto's patients have anti-Tg and/or anti-TPO antibodies, and the minority of healthy subjects have these antibodies without intrathyroidal lymphocyte infiltration.…”

Section: Studies With Surgical Specimensmentioning

confidence: 56%

Thyroid Autoimmunity and Thyroid Cancer – The Pathogenic Connection: A 2018 Update

Nagayama

2018

Horm Metab Res

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The association between thyroid cancer and thyroid autoimmunity has long been suggested, but remains to be elucidated for several decades. Here the data on this issue are updated by summarizing relevant papers published between 2012 and early 2018. Although numerous papers demonstrated the significant increase in the prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity (positive intrathyroidal lymphocyte infiltration and/or anti-thyroglobulin/thyroid peroxidase antibodies) in patients with thyroid cancers as compared to those with benign nodules, and also the significant increase in the prevalence of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) in patients with thyroid autoimmunity as compared to those without, there are some crucial biases that should be taken into account for their interpretation. However, a difference in the incidence of thyroid autoimmunity in patients with PTCs and those with other types of thyroid cancers appears to support the significant association of two conditions. Thyroid autoimmunity is, at least partly, likely to be elicited against antigens shared by normal and cancerous thyroid tissues, thereby inducing autoimmunity. At the same time, elevated TSH levels (even within the normal reference ranges), which often accompany Hashimoto's patients are a risk factor for thyroid cancer. However, it is still unclear whether or not the co-existence of thyroid autoimmunity impacts on cancer characteristics and prognosis. This issue needs to be further investigated with large-scale prospective studies.

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“…The present study on environmental uranium exposure and thyroid health is the first to combine a large database analysis and an ecological study. Thyroglobulin antibody levels were positively associated with urinary concentrations of uranium, suggesting that uranium exposure may affect thyroid health and potentially increase cancer risk as previous research has shown that TgAb positivity in patients with thyroid nodules was associated with an increased risk of suspicious cytology [33] and papillary thyroid cancer [34]. In addition, although we were unable to identify an overall significant correlation between sources of uranium exposures and increased thyroid cancer incidence rates, we identified a group of states where we reported high thyroid cancer incidence rates, an increased number of uranium activity locations and increased uranium concentrations in water, warranting increased surveillance of uranium exposure in the residents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Association between Uranium Exposure and Thyroid Health: A National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Analysis and Ecological Study

Gerwen

Alpert

Lieberman‐Cribbin

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Besides specific, incidental radiation exposure, which has been associated with increased thyroid cancer risk, the effects of exposure to background radiation from uranium, a naturally occurring, radioactive, and ubiquitous element, on the thyroid gland has not been widely studied. We therefore investigated the association between uranium exposure and thyroid health in the US. Using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), we assessed the association between urinary uranium levels and thyroid-related antibodies, including thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb) and anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO), in the general population. Secondly, we performed an ecological study of age-adjusted thyroid cancer incidence rates per state and sources of uranium exposure. We included 3125 eligible participants from the NHANES and found a significant association between increased TgAb and increased urinary uranium levels when analyzed as quartiles (p = 0.0105), while no association was found with anti-TPO. In addition, although no significant correlation was found in the ecological study, certain states had high age-adjusted thyroid cancer incidence rates and a high number of uranium activity locations and high uranium concentrations in water. The present study suggests that uranium exposure may affect thyroid health, which warrants increased sampling of soil and water in high-risk states.

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Thyroglobulin Antibodies Could be a Potential Predictive Marker for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

Cited by 51 publications

References 32 publications

Rate of Malignancy in Exophytic Thyroid Nodules

Rate of Malignancy in Exophytic Thyroid Nodules

Thyroid Autoimmunity and Thyroid Cancer – The Pathogenic Connection: A 2018 Update

Association between Uranium Exposure and Thyroid Health: A National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Analysis and Ecological Study

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