Thyroid Cancer, Thyroiditis and Dietary Iodine: A Review Based on the Salta, Argentina Model

Harach, H R; Ceballos, Gustavo A.

doi:10.1007/s12022-008-9038-y

Cited by 80 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…Iodine intake is considered a risk factor for thyroid carcinogenesis, especially in iodine‐deficient countries 1, 2. Experimental studies revealed that the rate of occurrence of thyroid carcinoma was higher in animals fed a low iodine diet than in animals fed a control diet 3, 4.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic alterations of differentiated thyroid carcinoma in iodine‐rich and iodine‐deficient countries

et al. 2016

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BRAF V600E mutation, RET rearrangements, and RAS mutations are the common genetic alterations in differentiated thyroid carcinomas derived from follicular thyroid cells. However, the relationship between these alterations and iodine intake is still controversial. To clarify the influence of iodine intake on the occurrence of differentiated thyroid carcinomas, we performed molecular analyses for two differentiated carcinomas, papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs) and follicular thyroid carcinomas (FTCs), from an iodine‐rich country (Japan) and an iodine‐deficient country (Vietnam). We examined 120 PTCs (67 Japanese and 53 Vietnamese) and 74 FTCs (51 Japanese and 23 Vietnamese). We carried out allele‐specific polymerase chain reaction (AS‐PCR) for BRAF V600E, PCR and direct sequencing for RAS mutations (codon 12, 13, and 61 in NRAS,HRAS, and KRAS), and RT‐PCR for RET/PTC1 and RET/PTC3. BRAF V600E was present in 55/67 (82.1%) Japanese PTCs and 44/53 (83%) Vietnamese PTCs. RET/PTC1 was identified in only one PTC from each country, and no samples had RET/PTC3. NRAS mutation was found in 17/51 (33.3%) Japanese FTCs and 4/23 (17.4%) Vietnamese FTCs. NRAS mutation was cited in codon 61 (20 cases) and codon 12 (one case). None of FTCs had KRAS or HRAS mutations. There were no significant differences in the prevalence of BRAF V600E,RET/PTC, or RAS mutations between the two countries. Our study showed no differences in genetic alterations of thyroid cancers from iodine‐rich and iodine‐deficient countries, possibly suggesting that iodine intake might not affect the genetic alterations of differentiated thyroid cancer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic alterations of differentiated thyroid carcinoma in iodine‐rich and iodine‐deficient countries

et al. 2016

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“…The major objective in the evaluation of a nodule is the exclusion of malignancy. The risk of malignancy in a thyroid nodule varies between 5% and 10% in iodine-sufficient countries, and the amount of iodine supplemented in table salt can influence this incidence (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latin American Thyroid Society recommendations for the management of thyroid nodules

Camargo

Corigliano

Friguglietti

et al. 2009

Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab

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Several guidelines on diagnosis and treatment of thyroid nodules and cancer have recently been published. However, recommended practices are not always appropriate to different settings or countries. The aim of this consensus was to develop Clinical Guidelines for evaluation and management of patients with thyroid nodules applicable to Latin American countries. The panel was composed by 13 members of the Latin American Thyroid Society involved with research and management of thyroid nodules and cancer from different medical centers in Latin America. The consensus was produced based on the expert opinion of the panel with use of principles of evidence-based medicine. Following a group meeting, a first draft based on the expert opinion of the panel was elaborated and later circulated among panel members for further revision. After revision, this document was submitted to all LATS members for commentaries and considerations and finally revised and refined by the authors. The final recommendations represent state of the art on management of thyroid nodules applied to all Latin American countries. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2009;53(9):1167-75 Keywords Thyroid nodule; thyroid ultrasonography; thyroid aspiration biopsy; radioactive iodine therapy resumo Vários consensos têm sido publicados acerca do diagnóstico e do tratamento de nódulos e cân-cer da tireoide. Entretanto, as recentes recomendações nem sempre são apropriadas para diferentes regiões ou países. O objetivo deste trabalho foi oferecer uma série de recomendações para a avaliação e conduta de pacientes portadores de nódulos tireoideos aplicáveis a todos os países da América Latina. O trabalho foi realizado por um comitê composto por 13 membros da Sociedade Latino-Americana de Tireoide envolvidos com pesquisa e manejo de pacientes portadores de nódulos e carcinoma diferenciado da tireoide, de diferentes centros médicos da América Latina. As recomendações foram estabelecidas, após consenso, utilizando as opiniões especializadas de cada membro e os princípios da medicina baseada em evidência. Após a primeira reunião do grupo, um primeiro documento foi elaborado e encaminhado a todos os membros para revisão. Posteriormente, o documento foi enviado aos membros da Sociedade Latino-Americana de Tireoide para avaliação, sugestões e comentários. A versão final, elaborada após refinada revisão de todos os autores, representa o estado da arte no diagnóstico e na conduta de nódulos tireoideos, aplicáveis a todos os países da América Latina.

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“…Increased radiation exposure in childhood due to the greater use of pediatric computed tomography scanning has been suggested as potentially relating to the increasing rates in the recent decades (3). Other factors potentially contributing to the temporal trends and geographic variations include obesity (16)(17)(18), iodine intake (10,19), environmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and dioxins (20), use of fertility drugs (21) …”

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confidence: 99%

Thyroid Cancer Incidence Patterns in Sao Paulo, Brazil, and the U.S. SEER Program, 1997–2008

Veiga

Neta

Aschebrook‐Kilfoy

et al. 2013

Thyroid

116

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Background: Thyroid cancer incidence has risen steadily over the last few decades in most of the developed world, but information on incidence trends in developing countries is limited. Sao Paulo, Brazil, has one of the highest rates of thyroid cancer worldwide, higher than in the United States. We examined thyroid cancer incidence patterns using data from the Sao Paulo Cancer Registry (SPCR) in Brazil and the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance Epidemiology End Results (SEER) program in the United States. Methods: Data on thyroid cancer cases diagnosed during 1997-2008 were obtained from SPCR (n = 15,892) and SEER (n = 42,717). Age-adjusted and age-specific rates were calculated by sex and histology and temporal patterns were compared between the two populations. Results: Overall incidence rates increased over time in both populations and were higher in Sao Paulo than in the United States among females (SPCR/SEER incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 1.65) and males (IRR = 1.23). Papillary was the most common histology in both populations, followed by follicular and medullary carcinomas. Incidence rates by histology were consistently higher in Sao Paulo than in the United States, with the greatest differences for follicular (IRR = 2.44) and medullary (IRR = 3.29) carcinomas among females. The overall female/male IRR was higher in Sao Paulo (IRR = 4.17) than in SEER (IRR = 3.10) and did not change over time. Papillary rates rose over time more rapidly in Sao Paulo (annual percentage change = 10.3% among females and 9.6% among males) than in the United States (6.9% and 5.7%, respectively). Regardless of sex, rates rose faster among younger people (<50 years) in Sao Paulo, but among older people ( ‡50 years) in the United States. The papillary to follicular carcinoma ratio rose from < 3 to > 8 among both Sao Paulo males and females, in contrast to increases from 9 to 12 and from 6 to 7 among U.S.males and females, respectively. Conclusions: Increased diagnostic activity may be contributing to the notable rise in incidence, mainly for papillary type, in both populations, but it is not likely to be the only reason. Differences in iodine nutrition status between Sao Paulo and the U.S. SEER population might have affected the observed incidence patterns.

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Thyroid Cancer, Thyroiditis and Dietary Iodine: A Review Based on the Salta, Argentina Model

Cited by 80 publications

References 89 publications

Genetic alterations of differentiated thyroid carcinoma in iodine‐rich and iodine‐deficient countries

Genetic alterations of differentiated thyroid carcinoma in iodine‐rich and iodine‐deficient countries

Latin American Thyroid Society recommendations for the management of thyroid nodules

Thyroid Cancer Incidence Patterns in Sao Paulo, Brazil, and the U.S. SEER Program, 1997–2008

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