Thyroid hormones are essential to preserve non-proliferative cells of adult neurogenesis of the dentate gyrus

Sánchez-Huerta, Karla; García-Martínez, Yuliana; Vergara, Paula; Segovia, José; Pacheco-Rosado, Jorge

doi:10.1016/j.mcn.2016.08.001

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…During the proliferative phase, Type‐1 cells are positive for the presence of BrdU (if the compound was injected into the animal) and positive for GFAP (See Figure b,c; Sanchez‐Huerta, Garcia‐Martinez, Vergara, Segovia, & Pacheco‐Rosado, ). Type‐1 cells can be recognised not only by cell‐specific markers but by unique morphological features that include a triangular soma and one apical process that projects into the granule cell layer from the SGZ (Llorens‐Martin, Rabano, & Avila, ).…”

Section: Proliferation—precursor Cell Phase—type‐1 Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Type‐2b cells typically express doublecortin (DCX), a microtubule‐associated protein that is associated with neuronal differentiation and migration (Sanchez‐Huerta et al, ). Type‐2a cell proliferation is influenced by expression of many signalling molecules, including, Shh, Wingless‐related integration site (Wnt), insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1), fibroblast growth factor‐2 (FGF‐2) and transcription factors such as sex‐determining region Y‐box‐2 (Sox2) and tailless (Tlx).…”

Section: Proliferation—intermediate Progenitor Cells—type‐2 Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After the early survival phase, which lasts for approximately 2 weeks in rodents (Jin, ), Type‐2b cells begin to undergo further differentiation to become neuroblasts or Type‐3 cells (see Figure c,d), and these cells then undergo the marked morphologic, electrophysiological and gene expression changes that are associated with functional DGCs (Llorens‐Martin et al, ). Type‐3 cells still express DCX (Sanchez‐Huerta et al, ). The early survival stage is sometimes called the post‐mitotic maturation phase (Kempermann et al, ).…”

Section: Differentiation and Maturation—type‐3 Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stress hormones, including cortisol or corticosterone, appear to have a general, inhibitory influence on hippocampal neurogenesis (Trivino‐Paredes et al, ). Thyroid hormones are known to influence adult hippocampal neurogenesis, but not the proliferative phases (Type‐1 through Type‐3), but after the newly formed neurons have stopped proliferating, thyroid hormones help the survival of these cells, possibly through modulation BDNF expression (Sanchez‐Huerta et al, ).…”

Section: Hormonal Influence On Adult Neurogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adult neurogenesis in the mammalian dentate gyrus

Abbott

Nigussie

2019

Anat Histol Embryol

128

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Earlier observations in neuroscience suggested that no new neurons form in the mature central nervous system. Evidence now indicates that new neurons do form in the adult mammalian brain. Two regions of the mature mammalian brain generate new neurons: (a) the border of the lateral ventricles of the brain (subventricular zone) and (b) the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. This review focuses only on new neuron formation in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. During normal prenatal and early postnatal development, neural stem cells (NSCs) give rise to differentiated neurons. NSCs persist in the dentate gyrus SGZ, undergoing cell division, with some daughter cells differentiating into functional neurons that participate in learning and memory and general cognition through integration into pre‐existing neural networks. Axons, which emanate from neurons in the entorhinal cortex, synapse with dendrites of the granule cells (small neurons) of the dentate gyrus. Axons from granule cells synapse with pyramidal cells in the hippocampal CA3 region, which send axons to synapse with CA1 hippocampal pyramidal cells that send their axons out of the hippocampus proper. Adult neurogenesis includes proliferation, differentiation, migration, the death of some newly formed cells and final integration of surviving cells into neural networks. We summarise these processes in adult mammalian hippocampal neurogenesis and discuss the roles of major signalling molecules that influence neurogenesis, including neurotransmitters and some hormones. The recent controversy raised concerning whether or not adult neurogenesis occurs in humans also is discussed.

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Section: Proliferation—precursor Cell Phase—type‐1 Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Proliferation—intermediate Progenitor Cells—type‐2 Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Differentiation and Maturation—type‐3 Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hormonal Influence On Adult Neurogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Adult neurogenesis in the mammalian dentate gyrus

Abbott

Nigussie

2019

Anat Histol Embryol

128

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…These inconsistent data may originate either from distinct experimental approaches used to induce adult hypothyroidism (eg, goitrogens or thyroidectomy), or because of labelling tissues with BrdU . Recently generated transgenic mice, expressing specific markers of progenitor cells at different stages of lineage development, provided more compelling evidence that adult hypothyroidism decreases the number of immature and post‐mitotic neuroblasts without affecting the proliferation of early non‐committed progenitors within the SGZ …”

Section: Thyroid Hormones Regulate Nsc Fate In the Adult Mammalian Brainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid hormone regulation of neural stem cell fate: From development to ageing

et al. 2019

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In the vertebrate brain, neural stem cells (NSCs) generate both neuronal and glial cells throughout life. However, their neuro-and gliogenic capacity changes as a function of the developmental context. Despite the growing body of evidence on the variety of intrinsic and extrinsic factors regulating NSC physiology, their precise cellular and molecular actions are not fully determined. Our review focuses on thyroid hormone (TH), a vital component for both development and adult brain function that regulates NSC biology at all stages. First, we review comparative data to analyse how TH modulates neuro-and gliogenesis during vertebrate brain development. Second, as the mammalian brain is the most studied, we highlight the molecular mechanisms underlying TH action in this context. Lastly, we explore how the interplay between TH signalling and cell metabolism governs both neurodevelopmental and adult neurogenesis. We conclude that, together, TH and cellular metabolism regulate optimal brain formation, maturation and function from early foetal life to adult in vertebrate species. cell fate, development, evo-devo, metabolism, mitochondria, neural stem cell, thyroid hormone This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. K E Y W O R D S

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