Thyroid status in Egyptian primary school children with iron deficiency anemia: Relationship to intellectual function

Metwalley, Kotb Abbass; Farghaly, Hekma Saad; Hassan, Ahmed M

doi:10.4103/0973-0354.116131

Cited by 19 publications

(21 citation statements)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have reported the association of thyroid function with iron status [ 10 – 12 ]. In the study by Metwalley et al in Egypt, it was found that primary school children with iron deficiency anemia were liable to develop subclinical hypothyroidism and intellectual dysfunction [ 12 ]. Since, iron deficiency and anemia are highly prevalent in the Nepalese population, assessment of thyroid function in such a population may help to determine the potential effects of iron deficiency on thyroid metabolism [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between iron status and thyroid function in Nepalese children

Khatiwada¹,

Gelal

Baral

et al. 2016

Thyroid Res

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BackgroundDeficiencies of iodine and iron may have adverse effect on thyroid function. This study was undertaken to investigate the association between iron status and thyroid function in Nepalese children living in hilly regions.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 227 school children aged 6–12 years living in hilly regions of eastern Nepal. Urine and blood samples were analyzed for urinary iodine concentration, free thyroxine, free triiodothyronine, thyroid stimulating hormone, hemoglobin, serum iron and total iron binding capacity, and percentage transferrin saturation was calculated.ResultsThe cohort comprised euthyroid (80.6 %, n = 183), overt hypothyroid (1.3 %, n = 3), subclinical hypothyroid (16.3 %, n = 37) and subclinical hyperthyroid (1.8 %, n = 4) children respectively. About 35.2 % (n = 80) children were anemic, 43.6 % (n = 99) were iron deficient and 19.8 % (n = 45) had urinary iodine excretion < 100 μg/L. Hypothyroidism (overt and subclinical) was common in anemic and iron deficient children. The relative risk of having hypothyroidism (overt and subclinical) in anemic and iron deficient children was 5.513 (95 % CI: 2.844−10.685, p < 0.001) and 1.939 (95 % CI: 1.091-3.449, p = 0.023) respectively as compared to non-anemic and iron sufficient children. Thyroid stimulating hormone had significant negative correlation with hemoglobin (r = −0.337, p < 0.001) and transferrin saturation (r = −0.204, p = 0.002).ConclusionsThyroid dysfunction, iron deficiency and anemia are common among Nepalese children. In this cohort, anemic and iron deficient children had poor thyroid function.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between iron status and thyroid function in Nepalese children

Khatiwada¹,

Gelal

Baral

et al. 2016

Thyroid Res

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“…Shukla et al 59 tentaram estabelecer a associação entre o estado do ferro e o perfil tireoidiano em uma população adulta, e observaram que os pacientes com baixo nível do hormônio tireoidiano apresentam uma discrepância em suas reservas corporais de ferro. No estudo de Metwalley et al, 60 verificou-se que crianças do Ensino Primário com anemia por deficiência de ferro estavam susceptíveis a desenvolver hipotireoidismo subclínico. Da mesma forma, Khatiwada et al 4 encontraram alta prevalência de disfunção tireoidiana, anemia e deficiência de ferro entre crianças, e uma associação significativa entre o estado do ferro e a função tireoidiana.…”

Section: Gestantesunclassified

Micronutrient Influence in Thyroid Function: A Review

Nóbrega

2019

International Journal of Nutrology

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The thyroid produces and secretes adequate amounts of hormones that regulate various physiological processes, including growth, development, metabolism, and reproductive function. The production and metabolism of thyroid hormones are dependent on micronutrients such as iodine, selenium, zinc and iron. Iodine is essential for the proper synthesis of thyroid hormones. The risk of iodine deficiency is high in places where the food consumed comes from iodine-deficient sources. To avoid complications, various government strategies have been developed to enrich food with this element. Selenium is incorporated in the deiodinases, which are enzymes that also play an essential role in the metabolism of thyroid hormones, in addition to contributing to the antioxidant defense in the thyroid. Zinc participates in the process of deiodination, in addition to being necessary for the T3 receptor to adopt its biologically active confirmation. Iron is found in hemeproteins, including thyroid peroxidase (TPO), which participates in the first two stages of thyroid hormone biosynthesis. Deficiencies of these elements can impair thyroid function. In general, the influence of micronutrients on thyroid function reveals the need for more research to increase scientific knowledge so that preventive and therapeutic measures can be taken regarding thyroid dysfunctions, to maintain a healthy thyroid.

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“…31 Metwalley menunjukkan bahwa pada anak sekolah dasar di Mesir dengan Hb 7-10 g/dL mempunyai fT4 lebih tinggi secara nyata dibandingkan dengan pasien dengan Hb < 7 g/dL. 32 Penelitian Refaat di Arab Saudi juga menunjukkan ada hubungan yang nyata antara Hb dengan fT4 dengan r sebesar 0,474 (p<0,01). 33 Demikian juga penelitian lain di India menunjukkan ada hubungan positif yang signifikan antara hemoglobin dengan thyroxine (T4) dengan rho sebesar 0,212 (p<0,01).…”

Section: Metodeunclassified

Hubungan Kadar Hemoglobin Dengan Kadar Hormon Tiroksin Bebas (Ft4) Pada Anak Sekolah Dasar

Mulyantoro¹,

Ashar²,

Setyani³

et al. 2018

MGMI

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Latar Belakang. Anemia karena kekurangan zat besi masih menjadi masalah gizi utama di Indonesia. Kondisi ini dapat menurunkan produktifitas dan gangguan pertumbuhan pada anak usia sekolah. Zat besi merupakan bagian penting dari thyroperoxidase (TPO) yang berperan dalam sintesis hormon tiroid. Tujuan. Mengukur hubungan antara kadar hemoglobin dengan kadar hormon tiroid bebas (free Thyroxine / fT4) pada anak sekolah dasar. Metode. Penelitian cross-sectional dilakukan di daerah perdesaan pegunungan Kabupaten Wonosobo yang mempunyai riwayat daerah endemis Gangguan Akibat Kekurangan Iodium. Sebanyak 141 anak usia sekolah dasar diukur status gizi, kadar hemoglobin dan free Thyroxine (fT4). Besar sampel dihitung berdasarkan Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik korelasi Pearson. Hasil. Sebanyak 47,5% partisipan tergolong pendek, 24,1% menderita anemia, rata- rata kadar hemoglobin dan hormon tiroid bebas berada pada kisaran normal 12,6 g/dL dan 1,5 ng/dL secara berturutan. Terdapat hubungan positif antara kadar hemoglobin dengan kadar hormon tiroid bebas dengan rho sebesar 0,24 (p < 0,05). Kesimpulan. Kadar hemoglobin berhubungan dengan kadar hormon tiroksin bebas (fT4).

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Thyroid status in Egyptian primary school children with iron deficiency anemia: Relationship to intellectual function

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Association between iron status and thyroid function in Nepalese children

Association between iron status and thyroid function in Nepalese children

Micronutrient Influence in Thyroid Function: A Review

Hubungan Kadar Hemoglobin Dengan Kadar Hormon Tiroksin Bebas (Ft4) Pada Anak Sekolah Dasar

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