Thyroid stimulating hormone and prospective memory functioning in old age

Livner, Åsa; Wåhlin, Åke; Bäckman, Lars

doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2009.05.016

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…However, the correlations were in different directions depending on the report, and recent large and wellconducted studies found no correlations between TSH levels and depression or anxiety (20,22,24). Cognitive studies have been quite divergent, with some showing correlations between variations in TSH or FT4 within the reference range and various cognitive measures (8,12,15,17), while others report no correlations (20,(21)(22)(23)(24)35). The larger, less-biased studies tend to show negative results, concordant with our current findings.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…In healthy euthyroid subjects without known thyroid disease and who are not receiving thyroid hormone therapy, depression, anxiety, or cognitive decrements have been linked to variations in TSH, free T4, or free T3 levels (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). However, when correlations were found, they were in different directions depending on the report.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thyroid Function Variations Within the Reference Range Do Not Affect Quality of Life, Mood, or Cognitive Function in Community-Dwelling Older Men

Samuels

Kaimal

Waring

et al. 2016

Thyroid

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Background: Variations in thyroid function within the laboratory reference range have been associated with a number of clinical outcomes. However, quality of life, mood, and cognitive function have not been extensively studied, and it is not clear whether mild variations in thyroid function have major effects on these neurocognitive outcomes. Methods: Data were analyzed from the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study, a cohort of communitydwelling men aged 65 years and older in the United States. A total of 539 participants who were not taking thyroid medications and had age-adjusted TSH levels within the reference range underwent detailed testing of quality of life, mood, and cognitive function at baseline. The same quality of life, mood, and cognitive outcomes were measured again in 193 of the men after a mean follow-up of 6 years. Outcomes were analyzed using thyrotropin (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) levels as continuous independent variables, adjusting for relevant covariates. Results: At baseline, there were no associations between TSH or FT4 levels and measures of quality of life, mood, or cognition in the 539 euthyroid men. Baseline thyroid function did not predict changes in these outcomes over a mean of 6 years in the 193 men in the longitudinal analysis. Conclusions: Variations in thyroid function within the age-adjusted laboratory reference range are not associated with variations in quality of life, mood, or cognitive function in community-dwelling older men.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid Function Variations Within the Reference Range Do Not Affect Quality of Life, Mood, or Cognitive Function in Community-Dwelling Older Men

Samuels

Kaimal

Waring

et al. 2016

Thyroid

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In euthyroid subjects without thyroid disease, depression, anxiety, or cognitive decrements have been linked to variations in TSH or free thyroxine (fT4) levels (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). However, the correlations have shown improvements or decrements with higher or lower thyroid function, depending on the report.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Thyroid Function Variations Within the Laboratory Reference Range on Health Status, Mood, and Cognition in Levothyroxine-Treated Subjects

Samuels

Kolobova

Smeraglio

et al. 2016

Thyroid

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Background: There has been recent debate within the thyroid field regarding whether current upper limits of the thyrotropin (TSH) reference range should be lowered. This debate can be better informed by investigation of whether variations in thyroid function within the reference range have clinical effects. One important target organ for thyroid hormone is the brain, but little is known about variations in neurocognitive measures within the reference range for thyroid function.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 132 otherwise healthy hypothyroid subjects receiving chronic replacement therapy with levothyroxine (LT4) who had TSH levels across the full span of the laboratory reference range (0.34-5.6 mU/L). Subjects underwent detailed tests of health status, mood, and cognitive function, with an emphasis on memory and executive functions. Results: Subjects with low-normal (£2.5 mU/L) and high-normal (>2.5 mU/L) TSH levels did not differ on most tests of health status, mood, or cognitive function, and there were no correlations between TSH, free T4, or free T3 levels and most outcomes. There was, however, a suggestion that thyroid function affected performance on the Iowa Gambling Task, which mimics real life decision-making. Subjects with low-normal TSH levels made more advantageous decisions than those with high-normal TSH levels. Conclusions: Variations in thyroid function within the laboratory reference range do not appear to have clinically relevant effects on health status, mood, or memory in LT4 treated subjects. However, decision making, which encompasses many executive functions, may be affected. Unless further studies strengthen this finding, these data do not support narrowing the TSH reference range.

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“…Furthermore, we also found that TSH and FT 3 levels were associated with the cognitive domain of immediate memory. Previous observable research found an association between TSH levels in the normal range and memory performance 28 , 29 . The prefrontal cortex is a brain region of great importance for memory 30 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Low levels of free triiodothyronine are associated with risk of cognitive impairment in older euthyroid adults

Chen,

Hu,

Yang

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Accumulated evidence showed that thyroid diseases induced cognitive decline. However, the relationship between thyroid hormones (THs) and cognition in older euthyroid people is still unclear. Our study aimed to estimate the association between THs within the euthyroid range and cognition in community-dwelling older adults in China. Data were extracted from a cohort study on the health status of rural older adults from the Guizhou province in China (HSRO). Serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), and free triiodothyronine (FT3) were measured using the electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Cognitive function was evaluated by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Linear regression and a binary logistic regression model were used to explore the relationship between THs and cognition in euthyroidism (TSH level of 0.27 ~ 4.20mIU/L). A total of 957 euthyroidism individuals were included in this study, with a mean (SD) age of 71.34 (6.35) years. In individuals with euthyroidism, serum TSH and FT3 levels were positively associated with cognition (TSH:β = 0.06, 95% CI 0.01 ~ 0.11, P = 0.03; FT3:β = 0.07, 95% CI 0.01 ~ 0.12, P = 0.01); and serum FT3 and TSH levels were significantly associated with cognitive domains (P < 0.05). Further, euthyroid individuals in the lowest serum FT3(OR = 1.96; 95% CI 1.27 ~ 3.03) quartile had a twofold increased risk of cognitive impairment compared to those in the highest quartile after adjusting for potential confounding factors. These findings suggested that low levels of FT3 could be an independent risk factor for cognitive impairment in older euthyroid adults. Additionally, a positive linear association exists between serum FT3 levels and cognitive domains (such as immediate memory, language, and attention). Further studies are needed to determine the underlying mechanisms and the community significance of these findings.

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Thyroid stimulating hormone and prospective memory functioning in old age

Cited by 9 publications

References 39 publications

Thyroid Function Variations Within the Reference Range Do Not Affect Quality of Life, Mood, or Cognitive Function in Community-Dwelling Older Men

Thyroid Function Variations Within the Reference Range Do Not Affect Quality of Life, Mood, or Cognitive Function in Community-Dwelling Older Men

Effect of Thyroid Function Variations Within the Laboratory Reference Range on Health Status, Mood, and Cognition in Levothyroxine-Treated Subjects

Low levels of free triiodothyronine are associated with risk of cognitive impairment in older euthyroid adults

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