Tics and Tourette syndrome

Microlesion Effect Induced by Electrode Implantation in the Posteroventral Globus Pallidus Interna for Severe Dystonic Tics

“…able 1 DBS coordinates and programming parameters.DISCUSSIONMotor tics typically consist of sudden, abrupt, transient, repetitive, and coordinated (stereotypical) movement that may resemble gestures and mimic fragments of normal behavior, vary in intensity, and are repeated at irregular intervals[1,5,6]. The present case showed a severe blepharospasm-like dystonic tics affecting the quality of life and activities of daily living.…”

“…It may accompany obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), poor impulse control, and other behavioral issues. The motor and phonic tics tend to be relatively brief and intermittent [1,2], although dystonic motor tics are more prolonged. Clonic tics typically start abruptly and quickly, but slower tics may cause a briefly prolonged abnormal posture (dystonic tics) or an isometric contraction (tonic or isometric tics) [2,3].…”