Tillage and rainfall effects on random roughness: A review

Zobeck, Ted M.; Onstad, C. A.

doi:10.1016/0167-1987(87)90047-x

Cited by 265 publications

(188 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Esses valores são inferiores aos apresentados por Zobeck & Onstad (1987), os quais obtiveram, em média, 6,80, 11,60 e 22,8 mm para semeadura direta, preparo convencional e cultivo mínimo, respectivamente, em diversos tipos de solos norte-americanos. Esses valores são também inferiores aos da escala de Renard et al (1997), utilizados na RUSLE, considerando-se esses três sistemas de manejo do solo.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Rugosidade da superfície do solo sob diferentes sistemas de manejo e influenciada por chuva artificial

Panachuki

Bertol

Sobrinho

et al. 2010

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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RESUMOA rugosidade da superfície do solo é influenciada pelo manejo, formada em especial pelo tipo de preparo e reduzida pela ação da chuva, principalmente. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência de diferentes sistemas de manejo do solo e da aplicação de chuva artificial na rugosidade da superfície do solo. Os tratamentos estudados resultaram da combinação de três sistemas de manejo do solo, semeadura direta (SD), preparo convencional (PC) e cultivo mínimo (CM), com três doses de resíduo vegetal seco de soja (Glycine max L. Merrill): 0, 2 e 4 Mg ha -1 . Nas unidades experimentais foram aplicadas sete chuvas, com intensidade de precipitação pluvial de 60 mm h -1 e duração de 60 min cada, totalizando 420 mm de lâmina de chuva. A rugosidade foi avaliada imediatamente antes e após o preparo do solo e imediatamente após a aplicação de cada uma das sete chuvas artificiais. Obtiveram-se valores do índice de rugosidade ao acaso entre 1,88 e 5,41 mm na semeadura direta; entre 3,88 e 8,30 mm no preparo convencional; e entre 8,99 e 17,45 mm no cultivo mínimo. Concluiu-se que: as operações de preparo do solo aumentaram a rugosidade da sua superfície, em geral; o cultivo mínimo foi o sistema de preparo do solo que proporcionou os maiores valores de rugosidade ao acaso; e nos tratamentos semeadura direta com cobertura do solo a ação da chuva não promoveu decaimento do microrrelevo do solo.

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Rugosidade da superfície do solo sob diferentes sistemas de manejo e influenciada por chuva artificial

Panachuki

Bertol

Sobrinho

et al. 2010

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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“…Many processes on and across the land surface boundary layer are controlled by surface microtopography or roughness. Soil and vegetation microroughness have been shown to influence seed germination, water retention, infiltration, evaporation, runoff and soil erosion by water and wind (Zobeck and Onstad 1987). Measurements of microroughness of the land surface will help explain, and more accurately estimate, evaporation, soil moisture, runoff and soil erosion at local and landscape scales.…”

Section: Measurements Of Land Surface Features With a Laser Altimetermentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements of land surface features using an airborne laser altimeter: the HAPEX-Sahel experiment

Ritchie

Menenti

Weltz

1996

International Journal of Remote Sensing

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Abstract. An airborne laser profiling altimeter was used to measure surface features and properties of the landscape during the HAPEX-Sahel Experiment in Niger, Africa in September 1992. The laser altimeter makes 4000 measurements per second with a vertical resolution of 5 cm. Airborne laser and detailed field measurements of vegetation heights had similar average heights and frequency distribution. Laser transects were used to estimate land surface topography, gully and channel morphology, and vegetation properties (height, cover and distribu tion). Land surface changes related to soil erosion and channel development were measured. For 1 km laser transects over tiger bush communities, the maximum vegetation height was between 4-5 and 6-5m, with an average height of 21m. Distances between the centre of rows of tiger bush vegetation averaged 100 m. For two laser transects, ground cover for tiger bush was estimated to be 22-5 and 30-1 per cent for vegetation greater than 0-5m tall and 190 and 25-8 per cent for vegetation greater than 10m tall. These values are similar to published values for tiger bush. Vegetation cover for 14 and 18 km transects was estimated to be 4 per cent for vegetation greater than 0-5 m tall. These cover values agree within 1-2 per cent with published data for short transects (<100m) for the area. The laser altimeter provided quick and accurate measurements for evaluating changes in land surface features. Such information provides a basis for understanding land degradation and a basis for management plans to rehabilitate the landscape.

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“…Bare soils often lead to formation of soil crusts due to raindrop impacts, which impede infiltration (Sumner and Stewart, 1992). Surface roughness (Zobeck and Onstad, 1987) and configuration also impact on infiltration (e.g. ploughing).…”

Section: Infiltrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rural land management impacts on catchment scale flood risk

Pattison¹

2010

Role of Hydrology in Managing Consequences of a Changing Global Environment

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The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-pro t purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source• a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses• the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Most approaches to this problem aim to upscale from individual grid cells to whole catchments, something that restricts the complexity of possible process representation, produces models that may not be parsimonious with the data needed to calibrate them and, faced with data uncertainties, provides computational limitations on the extent to which model uncertainty can be fully explored. Rather than upscaling to problems of concern, this thesis seeks to downscale from locations of known flood risk, as a means of identifying where land use management changes might be beneficial and then uses numerical modelling to identify the kinds of management changes required in those downscaled locations. Thus, the aim of this thesis is to test an approach to understanding the impacts of rural land management upon flood risk based upon catchment-to-source downscaling.This thesis uses the case study of the River Eden catchment (2400 km 2 ) as a test (1) it was shown to have a significant impact on downstream flood risk; and (2) it had range of data and information needed for modelling land use changes.The second part of this thesis explored the land management scenarios that could be used to reduce flood risk at the catchment scale. The scenarios to be tested were determined through a stakeholder participation approach, whereby workshops were held to brainstorm and prioritise land management options, and then to identify specific locations within the Eamont sub-catchment where they could tested. There were two main types of land management scenarios chosen: (1) landscape-scale changes, including afforestation and compaction; and (2) corresponding to a 5.8% decrease in peak discharge. A key conclusion is that land management practices have been shown to have an effect on catchment scale flooding, even for extreme flood events. However, the effect of land management scenarios are both spatially and temporally dependent i.e. the same land management practice has different effects depending on where it is implemented, and when implemented in the same location has different effects on different flood events.

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Tillage and rainfall effects on random roughness: A review

Cited by 265 publications

References 33 publications

Rugosidade da superfície do solo sob diferentes sistemas de manejo e influenciada por chuva artificial

Rugosidade da superfície do solo sob diferentes sistemas de manejo e influenciada por chuva artificial

Measurements of land surface features using an airborne laser altimeter: the HAPEX-Sahel experiment

Rural land management impacts on catchment scale flood risk

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