Tillage effects on compaction, earthworms and other soil quality indicators in Hungary

Birkáš, Márta; Jolánkai, Márton; Gyuricza, Csaba; Percze, Attila

doi:10.1016/j.still.2004.02.006

Cited by 109 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In all experimental fields, average bulk density increased by 4% with the CC system, whereas bulk density was distributed more homogeneously under the CT system. This result coincides with those published by Birkás et al (2004), who observed that CA displayed a compaction peak at a depth of 3-5 cm. This compaction could increase erosion processes, as Fullen (1985) observed , but the plant protection reduced soil erosion in CC.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Improvement of soil carbon sink by cover crops in olive orchards under semiarid conditions. Influence of the type of soil and weed

Márquez‐García

González-Sánchez

García

et al. 2013

Span. j. agric. res.

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The olive tree is one of the most important crops in Spain, and the main one in the region of Andalusia. Most orchards are rain-fed, with high slopes where conventional tillage (CT) is the primary soil management system used. These conditions lead to high erosion and a significant transport of organic carbon (OC). Moreover, soil tillage accelerates the oxidation of the OC. Cover crops (CC) are the conservation agriculture (CA) approach for woody crops. They are grown in-between tree rows to protect the soil against water erosion and their organic residues also help to increase the soil carbon (C) sink. Soil and OC losses associated to the sediment were measured over four seasons (2003-07) using micro-plots for the collection of runoff and sediment in five experimental fields located in rain-fed olive orchards in Andalusia. Two soil management systems were followed, CC and CT. Furthermore, the changes in soil C in both systems were analyzed at a depth of 0-25 cm. CC reduced erosion by 80.5%, and also OC transport by 67.7%. In addition, CC increased soil C sink by 12.3 Mg ha -1 year -1 of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) equivalent, with respect to CT. Cover crops in rainfed olive orchards in a Mediterranean climate could be an environmental friendly and profitable system for reducing erosion and increasing the soil C sink. However, C fixing rate is not regular, being very high for the initial years after shifting from CT to CC and gradually decreasing over time.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Improvement of soil carbon sink by cover crops in olive orchards under semiarid conditions. Influence of the type of soil and weed

Márquez‐García

González-Sánchez

García

et al. 2013

Span. j. agric. res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…As a result, soil physical conditions are often deteriorated (e.g. disk-pan compaction and/or topsoil dustiness) and the biological state is typically poor (Birkás, M. et al 2004). …”

Section: Conventional Versus Conservation Tillagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…No critical discussion of the development of soil tillage in Hungary has ever been published in English so far, apart from details (Birkás, M. et al 1989(Birkás, M. et al , 2004, from which is hardly to draw comprehensive conclusions for the reasons why local tillage practices are lagging behind or how progress has been made. The development of tillage techniques in Hungary, respect for tillage in general, its position in the system of cropping, the efforts made at conservation the soil along with the acceptance of new approaches, have always been substantially affected by traditions (Szabó, J.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of soil tillage history and new challenges in Hungary

et al. 2017

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This study provides an overview of the development of soil tillage in Hungary. The primary goal is to present factors that have been promoting and hindering progress in tillage from the first authoritative records -from the eleventh century -up to now when soil tillage became a tool in the climate damage mitigation methods. Progress was restricted during the first eight hundred years of the history of tillage by lack of expertise and the use of primitive tools. In retrospect, much of the traditions are regarded as obstacles to progress while the adoption of certain foreign trends fostered development in most cases. The history of the development of tillage in Hungary is divided into seven eras, with equal positive and negative impacts on the quality of the soils. The quality of soils was threatened before 1900 primarily by the multi-ploughing systems, while reasonable tillage offered a chance for improvement. The geographical location of Hungary in Europe and the Hungarian language entailed a certain degree of isolation as well. It may have been the reason why Hungarian reasonable tillage could not become a forerunner of minimum tillage. New soil tillage methods developed abroad had influenced primarily education and experiments carried out in Hungary. After the regime change, however, such methods came to be driving progress in practice as well, thanks to a widened horizon. In 1998 soil conservation tillage were used on about 25 per cent of the total sown land, however, a decade and a half later the area cultivated by conservation methods had doubled. A survey conducted five years ago found that significant progress had been made in soil conservation tillage in dry seasons but the achievements are often eroded by return to the conventional modes during wet seasons.

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“…The role of soil fauna is essential in establishing the optimal structure and porosity of the soil. CT does not damage these layer-specific organisms, and a macropore system is established, which is capable of absorbing rainwater quickly [46][47][48]. was not limited by the surface conditions but by the conditions in deeper layers.…”

Section: Hydrological Results For the Small Plotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infiltration and Soil Loss Changes during the Growing Season under Ploughing and Conservation Tillage

et al. 2017

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Abstract:Decreased water retention and increased runoff and soil loss are of special importance concerning soil degradation of hilly crop fields. In this study, plots under ploughing (conventional) tillage (PT) and conservation tillage (CT; 15 years) were compared. Rainfall simulation on 6 m 2 plots was applied to determine infiltration and soil loss during the growing season. Results were compared with those measured from 1200 m 2 plots exposed to natural rainfalls in 2016. Infiltration was always higher under CT than PT, whereas the highest infiltration was measured under the cover crop condition. Infiltration under seedbed and stubble resulted in uncertainties, which suggests that natural pore formation can be more effective at improving soil drainage potential than can temporary improvements created by soil tillage operations. Soil erodibility was higher under PT for each soil status; however, the seedbed condition triggered the highest values. For CT, soil loss volume was only a function of runoff volume at both scales. Contrarily, on PT plots, some extreme precipitation events triggered extremely high soil loss owing to linear erosion, which meant no direct connection existed between the scales. Improved soil conditions due to conservation practice are more important for decreasing soil loss than the better surface conditions.

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Tillage effects on compaction, earthworms and other soil quality indicators in Hungary

Cited by 109 publications

References 2 publications

Improvement of soil carbon sink by cover crops in olive orchards under semiarid conditions. Influence of the type of soil and weed

Improvement of soil carbon sink by cover crops in olive orchards under semiarid conditions. Influence of the type of soil and weed

Review of soil tillage history and new challenges in Hungary

Infiltration and Soil Loss Changes during the Growing Season under Ploughing and Conservation Tillage

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