Time-Dependent Correlation of the Microbial Community and the Metabolomics of Traditional Barley <i>Nuruk</i> Starter Fermentation

Ponnusamy, Kannan; Lee, Sarah; Lee, Choong Hwan

doi:10.1271/bbb.120665

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Food fermentative artisans, especially in Far-East Asia, typically involve nuruk (traditional Korean fermentation starter)-mediated transfer of requisite microflora in a fermentative bioprocess, engendering the concomitant colonization of substrate materials by a range of mold species [1]. In some cases, the immediate environment surrounding the fermentation facilities (viz., air, bamboo shelves, trays), and even the unprocessed substrate itself may serve as the source of spontaneously colonized microflora [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraspecies Volatile Interactions Affect Growth Rates and Exometabolomes in Aspergillus oryzae KCCM 60345

Singh

Lee

2018

Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology

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Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are increasingly been recognized as the chemical mediators of mold interactions, shaping their community dynamics, growth, and metabolism. Herein, we selectively examined the time-correlated (0 D-11 D, where D = incubation days) effects of intraspecies VOC-mediated interactions (VMI) on KCCM 60345 (S1), following co-cultivation with partner strain KACC 44967 (S2), in a specially designed twin plate assembly. The comparative evaluation of S1 (S1 subjected to VMI with S2) and its control (S1) showed a notable disparity in their radial growth (S1 < S1) at 5 D, protease activity (S1 > S1) at 3-5 D, amylase activity (S1 < S1) at 3-5 D, and antioxidant levels (S1 > S1) at 3 D. Furthermore, we observed a distinct clustering pattern for gas chromatography-time of flight-mass spectrometry datasets from 5 D extracts of S1 and S1 in principle component analysis (PC1: 30.85%; PC2: 10.31%) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) (PLS1: 30.77; PLS2: 10.15%). Overall, 43 significantly discriminant metabolites were determined for engendering the metabolic variance based on the PLS-DA model (VIP > 0.7, < 0.05). In general, a marked disparity in the relative abundance of amino acids (S1 > S1) at 5 D, organic acids (S1 > S1) at 5 D, and kojic acid (S1 < S1) at 5-7 D were observed. Examining the headspace VOCs shared between S1 and S2 in the twin plate for 5 D incubated samples, we observed the relatively higher abundance of C-8 VOCs (1-octen-3-ol, (5Z)-octa-1,5-dien-3-ol, 3-octanone, 1-octen-3-ol acetate) having known semiochemical functions. The present study potentially illuminates the effects of VMI on commercially important growth and biochemical phenotypes with subtle details of altered metabolomes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraspecies Volatile Interactions Affect Growth Rates and Exometabolomes in Aspergillus oryzae KCCM 60345

Singh

Lee

2018

Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology

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“…These new variables were employed to characterize the structure of the original data without a loss of information [15]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma metabonomics study on Chinese medicine syndrome evolution of heart failure rats caused by LAD ligation

Qiu

Wang

et al. 2014

BMC Complement Altern Med

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BackgroundChinese medicine syndromes (Zheng) in many disease models are not clearly characterized or validated, and the concepts of Chinese medicine syndromes are confounding and controversial. Metabonomics has been applied to the evaluation and classification of the Chinese medicine syndromes both in clinical and nonclinical studies. In this study, we aim to investigate the evolution of the Chinese medicine syndrome in myocardial infarction induced heart failure and to confirm the feasibility of the Zheng classification by plasma metabonomics in a syndrome and disease combination animal model.MethodsThe heart failure (HF) model was induced by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) in Sprague–Dawley rats. The rats were divided into the following two groups: the HF model group (LAD ligation) and the sham operated group. GC-MS was used with pattern recognition technology and principal component analysis (PCA) to analyze the plasma samples at 4, 21 and 45 day after operation.ResultsIt was determined that the period from 7 to 28 days was the stable time window of ischemic heart failure with qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome (QDBS), and the qi deficiency syndrome occurred at 1 to 4 days and 45 to 60 days after operation. The results exhibited 5 plasma metabolite changes in the same trend at 4 and 21 day after the LAD operation, 7 at 21 and 45 day, and 2 at 4 and 45 day. No metabolite showed the same change at all of the 3 time points. At day 21 (the QDBS syndrome time point) after operation, 4 plasma metabolites showed the same trends with the results of our previous study on patients with the blood stasis syndrome.ConclusionsThe syndrome diagnosis is reliable in the HF rat model in this study. Plasma metabolites can provide a basis for the evaluation of Chinese medicine syndrome animal models.

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“…Saccharification of glutinous rice in Makgeolli brewing is mainly due to biochemical activities of moulds from the nuruk (8). It is likely that moulds such as Aspergillus spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial community changes inMakgeolliduring brewing

et al. 2015

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Makgeolli, a traditional Korean alcoholic beverage, is produced from the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of glutinous rice by microbes introduced through nuruk (fermentation starter). The microbial community in Makgeolli is complex, and changes in the community are important for quality control and product development of Makgeolli. In this study, changes in the microbial community of Makgeolli during brewing were monitored by pyrosequencing. Pyrosequencing of microbes in Makgeolli illustrated dynamic changes in the populations and species of bacteria and fungi during brewing. Saccharomyces, a fungal genus, dominated the fungal community in Makgeolli throughout brewing, and produced alcohol after sufficient production of reducing sugars. As the bacterial genera Pediococcus, Weissella, Lactobacillus and Enterococcus, categorized as lactic acid bacteria, grew in Makgeolli, the pH decreased. The fungal community in Makgeolli was not significantly changed during brewing, but there were dynamic changes in the bacterial community, especially during the first 2 days of brewing.

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Time-Dependent Correlation of the Microbial Community and the Metabolomics of Traditional Barley Nuruk Starter Fermentation

Cited by 22 publications

References 23 publications

Intraspecies Volatile Interactions Affect Growth Rates and Exometabolomes in Aspergillus oryzae KCCM 60345

Intraspecies Volatile Interactions Affect Growth Rates and Exometabolomes in Aspergillus oryzae KCCM 60345

Plasma metabonomics study on Chinese medicine syndrome evolution of heart failure rats caused by LAD ligation

Microbial community changes inMakgeolliduring brewing

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