Time-resolved laser spectroscopy for the in situ characterization of methacrylate monomer flow within spruce

Janeček, Emma-Rose; Walsh, Zarah; Bargigia, Ilaria; Farina, Andrea; Ramage, Michael; D’Andrea, Cosimo; Nevin, Austin; Pifferi, Antonio; Scherman, Oren A.

doi:10.1007/s00226-016-0882-5

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Besides the viscosity, the surface charge and molecular weight affect the diffusion of molecules [21,91]. In addition, the affinity (polarity) of the conservation agent to cellulose components and to lignin seems to be crucial.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging and Assessment of the Microstructure of Conserved Archaeological Pine

Stelzner¹,

Stelzner²,

Gwerder

et al. 2023

Forests

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Impressive wooden objects from past cultures can last for centuries or millennia in waterlogged soil. The aim of conservation is to bring the more or less degraded waterlogged archaeological wooden (WAW) finds to a stable state without altering the wood structure through shrinkage, collapse, and deformation. In this study, the most used methods in the conservation practice, such as the alcohol-ether resin method, conservation with the melamine formaldehyde resin Kauramin 800, a mixture of lactitol and trehalose, saccharose, silicone oil, and three different conservation methods with polyethylene glycol followed by freeze-drying were tested. The effects of the conservation agents on the structure of archaeological pine were investigated using optical light microscopy (reflected light microscopy, RLM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray computed tomography (XCT). Through the examinations, most conservation agents could be identified in the structure and their impact on conservation could be analyzed. In particular, it was possible to trace the incorporation of the conservation agents in the lumen, which was influenced by factors, such as wood anatomy, degree of degradation, and drying process. Differences in the mode of action of the conservation processes could also be identified in the composition of the cell wall tracheids.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging and Assessment of the Microstructure of Conserved Archaeological Pine

Stelzner¹,

Stelzner²,

Gwerder

et al. 2023

Forests

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“…The impregnation is effective for hardwoods due to the vessels, which act as transport elements and allow monomers to penetrate the wood. As an example, methyl methacrylate successfully impregnated different wood species (Hill 2007;Ding et al 2008;Farina et al 2014;Damay et al 2015;Janeček et al 2017;Wu et al 2017). That is because of its small molecule size and low viscosity, allowing it to permeate wood cell walls and fill in vessel lumens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parametric study of a yellow birch surface impregnation process

et al. 2021

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Wood is a renewable resource that has been used as a material in appearance products for years. Despite its acceptable mechanical resistance, different modification processes were developed to enhance wood's hardness and make it an even more durable material. Impregnating wood pores with monomers under vacuum-pressure cycle is a common method for that purpose. However, most implemented processes are long and mostly submerge wood into a monomer formulation (Bethell's full-cell process). For that, they can be considered wasteful on the quantity of materials used, energy consumed and on process duration. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the parameters that influence the penetration of monomers into the tangential surface of Yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis Brit.) samples. The analyzed factors were the monomer formulation's viscosity, the surface temperature, the vacuum level applied to the process, the anatomy of samples, and the absorption time. After impregnation, the weight gain of the samples was calculated. Monomer penetration depth was calculated and visualized using density profiles and micro X-ray tomography imaging. Results showed that using a low viscosity monomer formulation allied to a certain level of vacuum and absorption time can considerably increase the impregnation into the wood.

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“…The difference between the treated and untreated wood corresponds to the absorption spectrum of the monomer mix, thus permitting absolute quantitation. Figure 20b demonstrates capabilities to monitor the monomer uptake non-destructively across a 1 cm thick wood sample at different positions on the surface along the specimen with a precision better than 1% [152].…”

Section: Woodmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some initiatives were taken in this direction by EU funded projects. Another key challenge was found in the analysis of heterogeneous media, where recent advances in multi-layer tissue analysis provide hope to further increase the accuracy of analyzed data, thus enabling reliable quantification of tissue constituents in heterogeneous tissue structures [48,152,189]. There is increasing interest in TD-DOS to explore new human tissue types and locations [52,53,190], a further continuation in this direction could add to the exploration and invention of new methodologies to address pressing clinical needs using broadband TD-DOS.…”

Section: Future Outlookmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The clear increase in the absorption spectrum (a) of the natural wood around 1100-1200 nm following soaking in the monomer bath (treated wood) is clearly reflecting the absorption spectrum of the monomers (MIX)[151]. The concentration of the monomer at different positions along the wood sample (b) demonstrates a precision in monomer assessment better than 1% in mass[152].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Broadband Time Domain Diffuse Optical Reflectance Spectroscopy: A Review of Systems, Methods, and Applications

et al. 2019

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This review presents recent developments and a wide overview of broadband time domain diffuse optical spectroscopy (TD-DOS). Various topics including physics of photon migration, advanced instrumentation, methods of analysis, applications covering multiple domains (tissue chromophore, in vivo studies, food, wood, pharmaceutical industry) are elaborated. The key role of standardization and recent studies in that direction are discussed. Towards the end, a brief outlook is presented on the current status and future trends in broadband TD-DOS.

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Time-resolved laser spectroscopy for the in situ characterization of methacrylate monomer flow within spruce

Cited by 5 publications

References 59 publications

Imaging and Assessment of the Microstructure of Conserved Archaeological Pine

Imaging and Assessment of the Microstructure of Conserved Archaeological Pine

Parametric study of a yellow birch surface impregnation process

Broadband Time Domain Diffuse Optical Reflectance Spectroscopy: A Review of Systems, Methods, and Applications

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