“…Brazil (Araújo et al 2012 ), China (Liu et al 2006 ;Yang et al 2008 ;Chung 2012 ;Zhang et al 2012 ;Habuer et al 2014 ;Li et al 2015 ), Chile (Steubing et al 2010 ), Czech Republic (Polak and Drapalova 2012 ), Germany (Walk 2009 ), Hong Kong (Chung et al 2011 ;Lau et al 2013 ), India (Dwivedy and Mittal 2010a , b ), Indonesia (Andarani and Goto 2014 ), Iran (Rahmani et al 2014 ;Alavi et al 2015 ), Japan (Yamasue et al 2007 ;Oguchi et al 2008 ;Yoshida et al 2009 ), Nigeria Nnorom and Osibanjo 2008 ), South Korea (Lee et al 2007 ;Kim et al 2013 ), Spain (Gutierrez et al 2010 ), USA (Kang and Schoenung 2006 ;Leigh et al 2007 ;Kahhat and Williams 2012 ;Lam et al 2013 ;Schumacher et al 2014 ), and in the global economy (Yu et al 2010 ). Some studies have estimated fl ows of specifi c materials contained in e-waste such as steel, aluminum, copper, lead, nickel, and zinc (Yamasue et al 2007 ;Lam et al 2013 ;Habuer et al 2014 ) and parts such as lithium-ion batteries (Chang et al, 2009 ). Tracking international trade of second-hand e-products is another research objective of MFA to assess the potential negative impacts on the environment in importing countries Williams 2009 , 2012 ;Yoshida and Terazono 2010 ;Breivik et al 2014 ).…”