TiO<sub>2</sub>nanoparticles induce oxidative DNA damage and apoptosis in human liver cells

Shukla, Ritesh K.; Kumar, Ashutosh; Gurbani, Deepak; Pandey, Alok Kumar; Singh, Shashi

doi:10.3109/17435390.2011.629747

Cited by 222 publications

(155 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In addition, a future study is necessary to explore the long-term effect of fatty acids on TiO 2 NP-induced toxicity to represent more realistic subchronic or chronic exposure. Moreover, it is important to verify the protective role of fatty acid composites against adverse effects of TiO 2 NPs by other types of toxicity measures, such as the comet assay (Bhabra et al, 2009;Shukla et al, 2013). Also, it remains to be examined whether or not these beneficial effects of surface modification also exist in vivo.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of fatty acid composites in the toxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles used in cosmetic products

et al. 2016

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-It has been recognized that the use of nanoparticles (NPs) in the cosmetic industry results in products with better efficacy and functionality. However, recent advances in molecular toxicology have revealed that NP exposure can promote cytotoxicity and oxidative damage, which has raised health concerns in the use of NPs in personal care products. Nevertheless, the mechanistic basis for the toxicity and safety of cosmetic NPs is poorly understood. The goal of the study was to determine the cytotoxicity and intracellular distribution of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) NPs containing fatty acid composites (palmitoleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid and oleic acid) commonly used in cosmetic products. Two types of cells, human fibroblast skin cells and adenocarcinoma lung cells, were exposed to either bare TiO 2 NPs or TiO 2 NPs mixed with fatty acids for up to 48 hr. NMR analysis confirmed that the fatty acid composites remained in the NPs after wash. The cytotoxicity of TiO 2 NPs was determined by cell viability measurement using quantitative confocal microscopy, and the localization of two different forms of TiO 2 NPs were assessed using electron spectroscopic imaging with transmission electron microscopy. TiO 2 NPs containing fatty acids posed significantly reduced cytotoxicity (80-88% decreases) than bare NPs in both cell types. Furthermore, there was less intracellular penetration of the NPs containing fatty acid composites compared with bare NPs. These results provide important insights into the role of fatty acids in protecting the cells from possible toxicity caused by NPs used in the production of cosmetic products.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of fatty acid composites in the toxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles used in cosmetic products

et al. 2016

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“…37,38 To investigate whether the incubation of HEK293 cells with Y 2 O 3 NPs was associated with cell apoptosis, we performed flow cytometry. Consistent with our MTT and LDH assays, we found that incubation with Y 2 O 3 NPs was associated with the induction of cell apoptosis (at 24 hours) and necrosis (at 48 hours; Figure 4A-4D).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity caused by yttrium oxide nanoparticles in HEK293 cells

Selvaraj¹,

Bodapati²,

Murray³

et al. 2014

IJN

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Background The increased use of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) has caused new concerns about the potential exposure to biological systems and the potential risk that these materials may pose on human health. Here, we examined the effects of exposure to different concentrations (0–50 μg/mL) and incubation times (10 hours, 24 hours, or 48 hours) of yttrium oxide (Y 2 O 3 ) NPs on human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells. Changes in cellular morphology, cell viability, cell membrane integrity, reactive oxygen species levels, mitochondrial membrane potential, cell death (apoptosis and necrosis), and the DNA damage after NP exposure were compared to the effects seen following incubation with paraquat, a known toxicant. Results The 24-hour inhibitory concentration 50 (IC 50 ) of Y 2 O 3 NPs (41±5 nm in size) in the HEK293 cells was found to be 108 μg/mL. Incubation with Y 2 O 3 NPs (12.25–50 μg/mL) increased the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, caspase-3 expression and promoted apoptotic- and necrotic-mediated cell death in both a concentration and a time-dependent manner. Decreases in cell survivability were associated with elevations in cellular reactive oxygen species levels, increased mitochondrial membrane permeability, and evidence of DNA damage, which were consistent with the possibility that mitochondria impairment may play an important role in the cytotoxic response. Conclusion These data demonstrate that the Y 2 O 3 NP exposure is associated with increased cellular apoptosis and necrosis in cultured HEK293 cells.

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“…3,46,47]. Endogenous ROS are indispensable for everyday life, as highlighted by their involvement in signal transduction and the initiation of the innate immune system (effectors produced to destroy pathogens and to control cellular responses).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Flow Cytometry‐based Method for the Screening of Nanomaterial‐induced Reactive Oxygen Species Production in Leukocytes Subpopulations in Whole Blood

Kermanizadeh

Jantzen

Brown

et al. 2017

Basic Clin Pharma Tox

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To date, the use and translation of nanomedicine from the laboratory to the clinic has been relatively slow. Among other issues, one of the reasons for this tardiness is the lack of the availability of quick and reliable toxicity tools for the screening of nanomaterials (NMs). In this investigation, we apply a flow cytometry-based method for the detection of nanomaterialinduced oxidative stress by measurement of reactive oxygen species production in specific leukocyte subpopulations in human whole blood. The screening of a panel of relevant nanomedical-associated materials (liposomes, silica, iron oxide and functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes) demonstrated that only the carbon nanotubes induced oxidative stress in human circulating leukocytes. In summary, we apply and corroborate a flow cytometry-based method for the simple and effective measurement of NM-induced oxidative stress in human blood subpopulations after realistic and relevant exposure scenarios which is extremely useful in future toxicological applications.The rapid development of nanotechnology goes hand in hand with concerns about the potential adverse effects of nanomaterial (NM) exposure on human health and the environment. In addition, the apparent knowledge gaps in our understanding of the interaction between NMs and cells, their transformation and their eventual fate in different biological systems mean that hazard assessment is very challenging.Nanomedicine is defined as the application and utilization of nanotechnology to medicine and human health, in particular with regard to the diagnosis and treatment of disease. Over the last two decades, a wide range of NMs with varying size, shape, charge and other physicochemical characteristics are tailored to determine specific function, resulting in desirable optical, electronic, magnetic and biological attributes. The current nanomedicine applications mainly include vehicles for targeted drug delivery, NM platforms for biomedical imaging and therapeutic applications for treating clinical diseases [1,2]. Despite these promising medical applications, the safety concern for NMs is a key determinant factor in the assessment of their clinical potential. Therefore, it is imperative to implement risk reduction strategies for all materials proposed for medical applications. The same physicochemical characteristics that make NMs desirable for medical applications might contribute to their potential adverse effects -particle size and surface properties can largely influence the bioavailability, transport, biotransformation, cellular uptake and toxicity of the material in question [3,4].Iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) can exhibit a unique form of superparamagnetism which is highly useful and desirable in biomedicine for several medical applications, principally relating to imaging and drug delivery to the central nervous system and various tumours [5,6]. This property is believed to be size-dependent and only occurs at around 10-20 nm [7]. Iron oxide is one of the few NMs with current clin...

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TiO₂nanoparticles induce oxidative DNA damage and apoptosis in human liver cells

Cited by 222 publications

References 41 publications

Role of fatty acid composites in the toxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles used in cosmetic products

Role of fatty acid composites in the toxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles used in cosmetic products

Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity caused by yttrium oxide nanoparticles in HEK293 cells

A Flow Cytometry‐based Method for the Screening of Nanomaterial‐induced Reactive Oxygen Species Production in Leukocytes Subpopulations in Whole Blood

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TiO2nanoparticles induce oxidative DNA damage and apoptosis in human liver cells

Cited by 222 publications

References 41 publications

Role of fatty acid composites in the toxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles used in cosmetic products

Role of fatty acid composites in the toxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles used in cosmetic products

Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity caused by yttrium oxide nanoparticles in HEK293 cells

A Flow Cytometry‐based Method for the Screening of Nanomaterial‐induced Reactive Oxygen Species Production in Leukocytes Subpopulations in Whole Blood

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TiO₂nanoparticles induce oxidative DNA damage and apoptosis in human liver cells