Tissue‐engineered ligament: implant constructs for tooth replacement

Abstract

New tissue consistent with PDL developed on the surface of dental implants after implantation. This proof-of-principal investigation demonstrates the application of ligament-anchored implants, which have potential advantages over osseointegrated oral implants.

Tooth-derived stem cells: Update and perspectives

“…Despite this, these progenitors were able to promote improvement in clinical and radiographic parameters. Another study reported the cultivation of periodontal ligament cells on titanium pins that were subsequently implanted in patients and in dogs [91] . Clinical evaluation of the implants placed in the patients showed satisfactory mechanical function, and radiographs revealed bone filling and formation of a lamina-dura around the implants.…”

“…Scaffolds serve as a threedimensional template mimicking the extracellular matrix; signaling molecules enhance this cellular activity by stimulating cells to migrate, proliferate and differentiate; and cells provide the machinery synthesis of the extracellular matrix and tissue regeneration [24,75,76,88,89] . Due to their interesting properties, including self-renewal and differentiation abilities, MSCs are considered important for tissue maintenance and renewal, and, therefore, a promising candidate for tissue engineering [24,[90][91][92][93][94] . Some studies demonstrated that cell-based therapies are able to regenerate dental tissues [48,57,70,[95][96][97][98] .…”

Osseointegration and Bioscience of Implant Surfaces - Current Concepts at Bone-Implant Interface

“…Although they were able to partially regenerate the periodontal ligament consisting of cementum, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone, the application of these methods in patients seems to be impossible due to technical and physical factors. Furthermore, several studies have reported that periodontal ligament cells cultured on titanium implants can produce a periodontal ligament-like tissue when placed in the jaws of animals (Choi, 2000;Gault et al, 2010;Lin et al, 2011). Although it has been shown that generating a periodontallike tissue around implants may be experimentally possible, also in human trials (Gault et al, 2010), approaches until now were not able to innovate a predictable and feasible method for producing dental implants with periodontal-like ligament.…”

“…Furthermore, several studies have reported that periodontal ligament cells cultured on titanium implants can produce a periodontal ligament-like tissue when placed in the jaws of animals (Choi, 2000;Gault et al, 2010;Lin et al, 2011). Although it has been shown that generating a periodontallike tissue around implants may be experimentally possible, also in human trials (Gault et al, 2010), approaches until now were not able to innovate a predictable and feasible method for producing dental implants with periodontal-like ligament. Furthermore, gradient functional concept (GFC) on materials and structures has been receiving special attention not only in industrial applications, but in dental as well as medical fields.…”

Dental stem cells as a potential tools for regeneration of tooth structures

“…After the formation of multiple cellular layers, pins were implanted in dental alveoli. As a result of the experiment cell-covered implants integration were observed without adverse effects, and induced bone formation in their vicinity [22]. Additional experiments examined the potential use of allogeneic periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) in therapy of experimentally induced periodontitis in a miniature pig.…”