Tissue Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Tensions in Healing Rabbit Tibias

Bone marrow circulation after osteotomy: Blood flow, pO2, pCO2, and pressure studied in dogs

“…However, the immediate effect on regional PO, and pC0, has not been investigated previously. Kivisaari & Niinikoski (1975) removed the intramedullary contents in rabbit tibiae and measured intramedullary PO, and pC0, intermittently by tonometry via an implanted Silastic tube from the first to the 52nd day. On the third day PO, had reached its lowest value, after which it gradually increased towards initial normal values.…”

Effect of Pneumatic Tourniquet on Muscle Oxygen Tension

“…In accordance with the present findings, found it puzzling that a 20-minute occlusion of limb circulation did not result in a PO, of zero in human subcutaneous tissue. In the investigation of Kivisaari & Niinikoski (1975) the intraosseous PO, fell abruptly after circulatory arrest so that most of the decrease occurred within 2minutes, but also in this case the PO, never reached zero. Furthermore, the release of circulation resulted momentarily in a PO, slightly above the normal level, probably due to reactive hyperaemia , Kivisaari & Niinikoski 1975.…”

“…T h e resistance of the microcirculation of striated muscle against ischaemia is largely unknown. In recent studies the role of tissue oxygenation in operative procedures has been emphasized (Kivisaari & Niinikoski 1975, Niinikoski 1977 was determined according to . The silastic tonometer was perfused continuously with hypoxic saline, PO, 3 to 8 mmHg, with a slow injection pump (Model 1100, Harvard Apparatus Co. Inc., Millis, Mass., USA), and tissue PO, was measured from the efflux in the Radiometer gas monitor coupled with a Servogor" chart recorder (Goerz Electro GmbH, Vienna, Austria).…”

Perfluorodecalin and bone regeneration

“…Oxygen levels in bone surgical sites have been previously measured in osteotomised rabbit tibiae, and were initially found to be as low as 1.3 % (Kivisaari and Niinikoski, 1975;Aro et al, 1984). Therefore, early vascular regeneration is essential for the normal progress of fracture healing.…”

“…Damaged blood vessels in a bone fracture require at least 2 weeks to re-establish the original blood flow in the healing area (Kurdy et al, 1996). It also takes at least 4 weeks for O 2 levels to recover to normal physiological levels (Aro et al, 1984;Kivisaari and Niinikoski, 1975;Grayson et al, 2006;Grayson et al, 2007), although this response may vary depending on the specific charactersitics (size) of the bone fracture itself (Kurdy et al, 1996). Hypoxia has a well-documented effect on bone formation and resorption (Kivisaari and Niinikoski, 1975;Aro et al, 1984;Kurdy et al, 1996;Grayson et al, 2006;Grayson et al, 2007).…”