Tissue specific distribution, clearance and vascular effects of endothelin in the pig

Pernow, John; Hemsén, Anette; Lundberg, Jan M.

doi:10.1016/0006-291x(89)92648-x

Cited by 112 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…This, coupled with the demonstration of similar localizations of ET mRNA and ET binding sites in various organs (5), has led to the suggestion that the ET system functions largely in an autocrine or paracrine manner (5). Estimates of tissue concentrations of ET have been reported (6)(7)(8). However, such studies suffer from the problem that currently available radioimmunoassays are not capable ofdistinguishing between ETs 1 and 2, which differ by only two or three amino acids (depending on species).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organ distribution of the three rat endothelin messenger RNAs and the effects of ischemia on renal gene expression.

Firth¹,

Ratcliffe²

1992

J. Clin. Invest.

208

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To determine the organ distribution of production of the three endothelin (ET) isopeptides, we have developed three ribonuclease protection assays specific for the messenger RNAs (mRNAs) of rat ETs 1, 2, and 3.12 organs from adult SpragueDawley rats were examined: heart, lung, liver, spleen, kidney, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, testis, muscle, salivary gland, and brain. The mRNA for ET1 was five times more abundant in the lung than in any other organ studied, moderate expression was seen in the large intestine, and lower levels of mRNA were detected in each of the other organs examined. ET2 was expressed at high level in both large and small intestine and at low level in stomach, muscle, and heart, but ET2 mRNA could not be detected elsewhere. ET3 mRNA was found in all organs, particularly in small intestine, lung, kidney, and large intestine.Because of reports suggesting that ETs might be involved in the hypoperfusion and hypofiltration observed in postischemic kidneys, we have also studied levels of mRNA in kidneys that had previously been subjected to 25 or 45 min of clamping of the renal pedicle. At 6 h after 45 min of ischemia, ET1 mRNA increased to a peak of 421±69% (mean±SEM, n = 3) of that in a standard renal RNA preparation. By contrast, ET3 mRNA decreased in the postischemic organ, falling to a value of 19±2% of standard at the same time point. The effects of ischemia on ET1 and ET3 mRNAs were long-lasting, with elevation of ET1 and depression of ET3 persisting for days. ET2 mRNA remained undetectable throughout. These findings (a) support a role for ET1 in postischemic renal vascular phenomena and (b) demonstrate a situation in which the expression of ET isoforms is clearly subject to differential regulation. (J.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organ distribution of the three rat endothelin messenger RNAs and the effects of ischemia on renal gene expression.

Firth¹,

Ratcliffe²

1992

J. Clin. Invest.

208

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“…Successive pharmacological and physiological analyses demonstrated the roles of ET-1 in the vasomotion of various vessels [Yanagisawa et al, 1988a;Kodama et al, 1989;Pernow et al, 1989;Gandhi et al, 1990;Kauser et al, 1990;Chatfield et al, 1991].…”

Section: Immunocytochemistry Of Fibronectin and Endothelin-1 In The Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunocytochemistry of Fibronectin and Endothelin-1 in the Cavernous Body of Postnatal Rabbit Penises

Nomiyama

Doi²,

Kudo³

et al. 1998

Cells Tissues Organs

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The differentiating cavernous body (CB) of postnatal rabbit penises was examined with a special reference to immunolocalizations for fibronectin (FN) and endothelin-1 (ET-1). At postnatal day 1, the CBs were embedded by an abundance of mesenchymal cells (MCs), and some of them were closely associated with endothelial cells of preexisting capillaries. Our electron micrographs indicated that such MCs are successively incorporated into the capillary endothelium as vasoformative cells. At this period, vascular sprouts of the helicine artery (HA), which were associated with the MCs, arose from the deep penile artery, and the transformation of such cells to endothelial and medial muscle ones was also indicated, and some MCs appeared to differentiate to epithelioid cells in the media. Immunoreactions for FN were preferentially localized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER) and along the plasma membrane of such vasoformative MCs, and on the extracellular matrix components which connect these MCs with sprouts of both growing capillaries and HA. These findings suggest that FN, which is produced in the rER of the MCs, plays a crucial role in the mechanical linkage during the incorporation of vasoformative MCs into these penile vessels. Immunoreactions for ET-1 were preferentially localized on Weibel-Palade bodies in endothelial cells of the HA, implying the involvement of this peptide in the regulation of the local blood flow in this vessel.

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“…The intra venous infusion of synthetic ET induces a marked in-crease in vascular resistances, causing a long-lasting eleva tion of blood pressure and a marked reduction in renal blood flow in healthy subjects and experimental animals [5][6][7], ET production (mainly ET-1) is augmented by endothelial cell shear stress [8], suggesting that increased ET release may be involved in the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension and other states associated with vascular endothelial dysfunction where circulating plasma levels of immunoreactive ET (ir-ET) have been found to be in creased [9][10][11]. In addition, recent investigations have demonstrated that ETs are present in renal tissue in high amounts [ 12] and that experimentally induced acute renal ischemia has long-lasting stimulatory effects on renal gene expression of ETs [ 13], In spite of the well-established role of the renin-angiotensin system in the pathogenesis of renovascular hypertension (RVH) [14], there are some arguments which suggest the participation of other va soactive substances. For example, plasma renin activity (PRA) is not always steadily increased in the chronic phase of this form of hypertension and furthermore, in some patients with RVH, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors fail to control blood pressure appro priately [14], Since in RVH the kidney with a significant artery stenosis is ischemic, it is conceivable that this con dition could be associated with an increase in renal syn thesis and release of ETs, similar to the increased produc tion of renin by the ischemic kidney.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Plasma Endothelin Concentration in Atherosclerotic Renovascular Hypertension

Poch

Jiménez²,

Feu

et al. 1995

Nephron

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The aim was to investigate circulating levels of immunoreactive endothelin (ir-ET) in atherosclerotic renovascular hypertension (RVH), and to assess the role of the kidneys in its overall plasma concentration. We studied 16 hypertensive patients with renal artery stenosis evidenced by angiography and admitted to hospital for the diagnostic evaluation of RVH by renal vein plasma renin activity (PRA) determinations. The right femoral vein was catheter-ized to simultaneously measure PRA and ir-ET in both renal veins and inferior vena cava below the origin of the renal veins. RVH was present in 9 patients as indicated by diagnostic PRA renal vein ratios and the remaining 7 patients were considered to have essential hypertension (EH). Patients with RVH showed a marked increase in systemic plasma ir-ET concentration (10.3 ± 0.9 pg/ml) as compared to hypertensives without RVH (6.2 ± 0.6 pg/ml, p < 0.005). Despite a significant increase of PRA in the vein of the ischemic (IK) versus the contralateral (CK) kidney in patients with RVH, no significant differences in ir-ET concentration were observed between both kidneys. These results indicate that patients with RVH have increased circulating levels of ir-ET. However, the higher systemic plasma ir-ET do not arise from the renal circulation, since plasma ir-ET is significantly higher in systemic circulation than in renal veins.

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Tissue specific distribution, clearance and vascular effects of endothelin in the pig

Cited by 112 publications

References 10 publications

Organ distribution of the three rat endothelin messenger RNAs and the effects of ischemia on renal gene expression.

Organ distribution of the three rat endothelin messenger RNAs and the effects of ischemia on renal gene expression.

Immunocytochemistry of Fibronectin and Endothelin-1 in the Cavernous Body of Postnatal Rabbit Penises

Increased Plasma Endothelin Concentration in Atherosclerotic Renovascular Hypertension

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