Titanium dioxide nanotubes incorporated into bleaching agents: physicochemical characterization and enamel color change

Abstract

Titanium dioxide nanotubes incorporated into bleaching agents: physicochemical characterization and enamel color change Titanium dioxide nanotubes are nanostructures that can accelerate the oxidation reaction of bleaching procedures and promote a more effective whitening effect. Objective: This study evaluated physicochemical properties of bleaching agents incorporated with titanium dioxide (TiO 2) nanotubes, and the effects on tooth color change at different periods. Methodology: 40 premolars were treated according to the following groups (n=10): CP-10% carbamide peroxide (1 hour daily/21 days); CPN-CP incorporated into TiO 2 ; HP-40% hydrogen peroxide (three 40-minute sessions/7 days apart); HPN-HP incorporated into TiO 2. Color shade was evaluated at five different periods (baseline, after 7, 14 and 21 days of bleaching, and 7 days after end of treatment) according to Vita Classical, CIELab and CIEDE2000 scales. Mean particle size (P), polydispersity (PO) and zeta potential (ZP) were evaluated using dynamic light scattering. Data on the different variables were analyzed by mixed model tests for measures repeated in time (ZP e L*), generalized linear models for measures repeated in time (P, PO, Vita Classical and b*), and Friedman and Mann-Whitney tests (a* and color change/ΔE and ΔE 00). Results: CP and CPN presented higher P, higher PO and lower ZP than HP and HPN (p≤0.05). All groups showed a significant decrease in Vita Classical color scores after 7 days of bleaching (p<0.05), and HPN presented a greater significant reduction than the other groups. L* increased in TiO 2 presence, in all groups, without any differences (p>0.05) in bleaching time. A significant reduction occurred in the a* and b* values for all the groups, and HPN presented lower a* and b* values (p<0.05) than CPN. ΔE was clinically noticeable after 7 days, in all groups, and all groups resulted in a perceptible color change according to ΔE 00. Conclusion: TiO 2 did not influence physicochemical properties of the bleaching agents. HPN presented more effective tooth bleaching than CPN.

Impact of desensitizing/whitening toothpastes on tooth color change after abrasion and erosion–abrasion

“…43 It has the property of depositing a thin layer of pigment on the tooth surface, shifting the color of the substrate toward blue, due to changes in the interaction with the incident light, and consequently, the substrate appears lighter. Even so, the effect of this chemical component on tooth color change deserves further investigation, 44 especially because in the present study, the toothpastes were not able to promote tooth whitening.…”

Effect of Currently Available Nanoparticle Synthesis Routes on Their Biocompatibility with Fibroblast Cell Lines

“…There are multiple applications of commercially available titanium nanoparticles in medicine and dentistry [ 9 ], such as cell imaging, biosensors of biological assays, drug delivery systems, photodynamic therapy for cancer and genetic engineering in medicine [ 10 ]. The vast utilization of titanium nanoparticles in clinical dentistry includes composite adhesives and bonding agents [ 11 ], glass ionomer cement restorations [ 11 , 12 , 13 ], dental implants [ 14 ], bleaching and whitening agents [ 15 ], irrrigants in root canal treatment, mouth washes, tooth pastes and polishing pastes [ 16 ]. Previously, titanium nanoparticles enhanced the antimicrobial properties and bond strength of composites in orthodontics [ 11 ].…”

Novel Experimental In-Office Bleaching Gels Containing Co-Doped Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles

“…Our findings contradict the results published by Pretel et al [ 43 ], because, even though commercial gels modified by the incorporation of N_TiO 2 (produced by calcination strategies) displayed initial pH values that were high, the materials investigated [ 43 ] displayed pH values that were significantly lower after 30 min of observation. On the other hand, Monteiro et al [ 44 ] have shown that the incorporation of 1% TiO 2 nanotubes did not adversely impact the pH values of gels containing either 10% carbamide peroxide (pH ≅ 6.5) or 40% HP (pH ≅ 7.0). These differences in pH values reported in the literature and by the present study (initial and after 30 min) can be explained by the intrinsic differences in materials’ compositions including the type of polymeric matrix and stabilizing agents.…”