Titanium Implant Alloy Modified by Electrochemically Deposited Functional Bioactive Calcium Phosphate Coatings

Abstract

Calcium phosphate-based (CaP) bioceramic materials are widely used in the field of bone regeneration, both in orthopaedics and in dentistry, due to their good biocompatibility, osseointegration and osteoconduction. The formation of CaP coatings on high-strength implant materials such as titanium alloys combines the superior mechanical properties of metals with the osteoconductive properties of CaP materials. In this work, the electrochemically assisted deposition of CaP coatings on the titanium alloy, TiAlNb, which is commonly used commercially as an implant material in orthopaedic devices, was examined. The barrier properties (electronic properties) of unmodified and CaP-modified titanium alloy were tested in situ in a simulated physiological solution, Hanks’ solution, under in vitro conditions of real implant applications using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The morphology and microstructure of the obtained CaP deposit were characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and chemical composition was assessed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). The aim was to investigate the effect of calcium phosphate CaP coating on the corrosion resistance of the titanium TiAlNb alloy and to understand better the deposition process in the production of bioactive functional coatings on metallic implant materials.

Preserving Intangible Heritage through Tangible Finds: The “Skull with Ears”—St. Luciella ai Librai’s Church (Naples, Italy)

“…2− [32,33]. The peak at 1048 cm −1 can be assigned to the asymmetric stretching (υ 3 PO 4 3− ), while the peak at 1113 cm −1 to the PO 4 3− asymmetric stretching in stoichiometric apatite [34,35].…”

“…The peak at 640 cm −1 is related to the asymmetric bending vibration of the phosphate group (ʋ4 PO4 3− ). The bands at 982 and 2900 cm −1 can be, respectively, linked to the P-O symmetric stretching and (P-)O-H stretching of HPO4 2− [32,33]. The peak at 1048 cm −1 can be assigned to the asymmetric stretching (ʋ3 PO4 3− ), while the peak at 1113 cm −1 to the PO4 3− asymmetric stretching in stoichiometric apatite [34,35].…”

Kompozit Malzemelerin Mühendislik Uygulamaları: Sınıflandırılması, Mekanik Hesaplamaları, Üretim Yöntemleri ve Kullanım Alanları

“…Tabaka (lamina, ply) bir matris veya kumaşta tek yönlü liflerden oluşan bir tabakaya verilen isimdir. Bir tabaka hacmi fiber ve matrisin toplam hacmine eşittir [55].…”

“…Katmanlar aynı ya da matris içerisinde bulunan fiberlerin farklı yönlerde kullanılarak elde edilmek istenen faklı dayanım özellikleri elde edilebilir. Fiberlerin referans eksen takımına göre yaptığı açı [Ø 1 / Ø 2 / Ø 3 ...] şeklinde gösterilir [55]. Tabakalı bir kompozitte en basit haliyle gerilemeler; Şeklinde yazılabilir.…”

“…Additionally, biomimetic nanohybrid structures inspired by the structure of enamel on teeth have been developed for corrosion prevention 7,19,23,27 . These structures consist of a calcium phosphate mineral layer on a titanium alloy substrate, providing enhanced corrosion resistance and biocompatibility 55 . Overall, these examples demonstrate the potential of biomimetic nanohybrid structures containing composite materials for corrosion prevention applications, offering innovative solutions for improving the durability and performance of various materials in harsh environments.…”