TLR7 and TLR8 evolution in lagomorphs: different patterns in the different lineages

Neves, Fabiana; Marques, João Pedro; Areal, Helena; Pinto‐Pinho, Patrícia; Colaço, Bruno; Melo‐Ferreira, José; Fardilha, Margarida; Abrantes, Joana; Esteves, Pedro J.

doi:10.1007/s00251-022-01262-9

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 60 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…, one to Equus hemionus kulan , and the remaining one was shared across the remaining equids. This is consistent with the high degree of conservation of the TLR7 and TLR8 genes previously described in mammals (Khan et al 2019 ), except for lagomorphs (Neves et al 2022 ). Interestingly, the highest variability was observed for TLR12 , a gene missing in the genomes of several mammalian species (Behzadi et al 2021 ), with a single currently known ligand, the T. gondii profilin.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Twelve toll-like receptor (TLR) genes in the family Equidae – comparative genomics, selection and evolution

Stejskalova,

Janova,

Splichalova

et al. 2023

Vet Res Commun

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) represent an important part of the innate immune system. While human and murine TLRs have been intensively studied, little is known about TLRs in non-model species. The order Perissodactyla comprises a variety of free-living and domesticated species exposed to different pathogens in different habitats and is therefore suitable for analyzing the diversity and evolution of immunity-related genes. We analyzed TLR genes in the order Perissodactyla with a focus on the family Equidae. Twelve TLRs were identified by bioinformatic analyses of online genomic resources; their sequences were confirmed in equids by genomic DNA re-sequencing of a panel of nine species. The expression of TLR11 and TLR12 was confirmed in the domestic horse by cDNA sequencing. Phylogenetic reconstruction of the TLR gene family in Perissodactyla identified six sub-families. TLR4 clustered together with TLR5; the TLR1-6-10 subfamily showed a high degree of sequence identity. The average estimated evolutionary divergence of all twelve TLRs studied was 0.3% among the Equidae; the most divergent CDS were those of Equus caballus and Equus hemionus kulan (1.34%) in the TLR3, and Equus africanus somaliensis and Equus quagga antiquorum (2.1%) in the TLR1 protein. In each TLR gene, there were haplotypes shared between equid species, most extensively in TLR3 and TLR9 CDS, and TLR6 amino acid sequence. All twelve TLR genes were under strong negative overall selection. Signatures of diversifying selection in specific codon sites were detected in all TLRs except TLR8. Differences in the selection patterns between virus-sensing and non-viral TLRs were observed.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Twelve toll-like receptor (TLR) genes in the family Equidae – comparative genomics, selection and evolution

Stejskalova,

Janova,

Splichalova

et al. 2023

Vet Res Commun

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This immunological-related modification opens up the possibility of sexing sperm based on their altered motility [ 14 , 88 ]. However, in European rabbits, TLR8 is linked to chromosome 13 and TLR7 is absent [ 89 ].…”

Section: Sperm Sexing Through Immunological Methods: a Promising Weaponmentioning

confidence: 99%

The History and Prospects of Rabbit Sperm Sexing

Pinto-Pinho,

Ferreira,

Pinto-Leite

et al. 2023

Veterinary Sciences

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sperm sex selection is a longstanding challenge in the field of animal reproduction. The cuniculture industry, in particular producers of males or females for breeding purposes, would greatly benefit from the pre-selection of the offspring’s sex. This review article overviews the current and future developments in rabbit sperm sexing technologies, as well as the implications of implementing these methodologies in cuniculture. The first attempts of sperm sexing were performed in rabbits; however, a both efficient and cost-effective methodology was not yet developed for this species. Those included sperm sexing according to differences in sperm density, surface electric charge, pH susceptibility, antisera reaction, and flow cytometry. Separation by flow cytometry has proven to be efficient in rabbits, yielding fractions with approximately 81% and 86% purity for X- and Y-sperm, respectively. However, it is not cost-effective for cuniculture and decreases sperm quality. The advantages, limitations, and practical considerations of each method are presented, highlighting their applicability and efficiency. Furthermore, herein we explore the potential of immunological-based techniques that overcome some of the limitations of earlier methods, as well as recent advancements in sperm sexing technologies in other animal models, which could be applied to rabbits. Finally, the challenges associated with the development and widespread implementation of rabbit sperm sexing technologies are addressed. By understanding the advantages and limitations of existing and emerging methods, researchers can direct their efforts towards the most promising directions, ultimately contributing to a more efficient, profitable, and sustainable cuniculture.

show abstract

“…Nonetheless, the script was not able to detect any protein RefSeq for rabbits, because the NCBI entry only appears to be associated with the ID AGN12838.1. Yet, in rabbits, the protein is known to be encoded by chromosome 13 [46,47].…”

Section: Cross-species Analysis: Identification Of Human Targets In T...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Bioinformatic Analysis of the Proteomes of Rabbit and Human Sex Chromosomes

Pinto-Pinho,

Soares,

Esteves

et al. 2024

Animals

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Studying proteins associated with sex chromosomes can provide insights into sex-specific proteins. Membrane proteins accessible through the cell surface may serve as excellent targets for diagnostic, therapeutic, or even technological purposes, such as sperm sexing technologies. In this context, proteins encoded by sex chromosomes have the potential to become targets for X- or Y-chromosome-bearing spermatozoa. Due to the limited availability of proteomic studies on rabbit spermatozoa and poorly annotated databases for rabbits compared to humans, a bioinformatic analysis of the available rabbit X chromosome proteome (RX), as well as the human X (HX) and Y (HY) chromosomes proteome, was conducted to identify potential targets that could be accessible from the cell surface and predict which of the potential targets identified in humans might also exist in rabbits. We identified 100, 211, and 3 proteins associated with the plasma membrane or cell surface for RX, HX, and HY, respectively, of which 61, 132, and 3 proteins exhibit potential as targets as they were predicted to be accessible from the cell surface. Cross-referencing the potential HX targets with the rabbit proteome revealed an additional 60 proteins with the potential to be RX targets, resulting in a total of 121 potential RX targets. In addition, at least 53 possible common HX and RX targets have been previously identified in human spermatozoa, emphasizing their potential as targets of X-chromosome-bearing spermatozoa. Further proteomic studies on rabbit sperm will be essential to identify and validate the usefulness of these proteins for application in rabbit sperm sorting techniques as targets of X-chromosome-bearing spermatozoa.

show abstract

TLR7 and TLR8 evolution in lagomorphs: different patterns in the different lineages

Cited by 5 publications

References 60 publications

Twelve toll-like receptor (TLR) genes in the family Equidae – comparative genomics, selection and evolution

Twelve toll-like receptor (TLR) genes in the family Equidae – comparative genomics, selection and evolution

The History and Prospects of Rabbit Sperm Sexing

Comparative Bioinformatic Analysis of the Proteomes of Rabbit and Human Sex Chromosomes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About