TLS for Detecting Small Damages on a Building Façade

Masiero, Andrea; Costantino, Domenica

doi:10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w11-831-2019

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The prevalence of façades of this height is stressed by the mean, mode, and median (Table 2). The visual inspection of tall façades can be challenging, due to the loss of naked-eye precision associated with the upper part of the building, caused by increased distance and distorted perspective from the street level [18][19][20]. The assessment of the severity of degradation is likely to be directly proportional to the precision of the visual inspection.…”

Section: Characterization Of the Variables That Influence The Degrada...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Environmental Exposure on the Service Life of Façade Claddings—A Statistical Analysis

et al. 2021

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Façade claddings, as the outer protection layer of the building’s envelope, are directly exposed to environmental degradation agents. The façades’ orientation and their distance from the sea, among other location and protection-related factors, influence their vulnerability to climate loads, in particular wind and air humidity. These loads, as well as exposure to air pollution, affect the degradation process of claddings and the durability of façades. Therefore, studying the impact of the environmental exposure conditions on the service life of different external claddings provides useful information on their performance over time, which can support (i) decision-makers in the selection of the best façade cladding solutions and (ii) further research on the impact of climate change on building components. This study covers six types of cladding: rendered façades (R), natural stone cladding (NSC), ceramic tiling system (CTS), painted surfaces (PS), external thermal insulation composite systems (ETICS), and architectural concrete façades (ACF). Three hundred façades located in Portugal are analysed according to three main groups of variables, which characterize (i) the façades, (ii) their degradation condition, and (iii) the environmental deterioration loads and context. The statistical analysis results reveal that the environmental variables affect the cladding degradation process. South-oriented façades present lower degradation conditions than façades facing north. The distance from the sea and high exposure to pollutants add to the degradation conditions, reducing the expected service life of façades. The results reveal that claddings can be organized according to two main groups: the most durable (CTS, NSC, and ACF) and the least durable (R, PS, and ETICS) systems. This study enables a comprehensive analysis of the data, useful to draw conclusions about the influence of environmental exposure conditions on the degradation and service life of façade claddings.

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Section: Characterization Of the Variables That Influence The Degrada...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Environmental Exposure on the Service Life of Façade Claddings—A Statistical Analysis

et al. 2021

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“…Small object detection has been a common and troublesome problem in object recognition because a smaller object is more difficult to be recognized and localized, compared to a larger object. In the field of façade defect research, Masiero and Costantino (2019) mentioned that small façade defects can be detected by terrestrial laser scanning at sub‐millimeter level, but it is costly for on‐site application in a large area than image. Guo et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi‐defect segmentation from façade images using balanced copy–paste method

Wang

et al. 2022

Computer aided Civil Eng

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Façade defect is an unavoidable and considerable problem to existing buildings and can cause great influence to building owners. The traditional manual façade inspection method is costly, inefficient, and unsafe. Although recent studies achieved the classification of façade defects from images, pixel-level façade defect segmentation has not been tackled. Therefore, this study proposed and implemented a balanced copy-paste method with the Mask Region-based Convolutional Neural Network (Mask R-CNN) model to realize automatic detection and segmentation of façade defects. The proposed balanced copy-paste method was able to improve the recognition accuracy for minority classes and small objects.The proposed method was applied to a façade defect dataset with 2286 images that contained six common categories of defects. Comparisons with three other methods demonstrated that the proposed method could achieve the highest accuracy in defect detection (mean average precision (mAP) = 33.33) and segmentation (mAP = 27.26). Furthermore, compared to the original dataset, the proposed method could result in the greatest accuracy improvement for both minority classes (31% in detection and 32% in segmentation) and small objects (23% in detection and 19% in segmentation). Compared to the traditional over-sampling method and other methods based on algorithm level, the proposed method also showed higher computational efficiency.

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“…However, usually it is not easy, for a surveyor, to analyse the top of the façade or assess anomalies that are in deeper locations without appropriate means of access, and with unfavourable weather conditions. In that context, a reliable and rapid assessment of the defect areas on a large façade may be a difficult work for the surveyor [4,[19][20][21][22][23]. Moreover, a visual inspection is highly dependent on the surveyor's expertise [2,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The limitations of visual inspections motivated the use of systemized alternatives such as remote sensing for mapping the defective areas on a surface of building façades [19,22]. In recent years, the interest about advanced technologies to automate the inspection of building façades has emerged.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Analysis about Emerging Technologies for Building’s Façade Inspection

2021

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The diagnosis of the building’s façades pathology is extremely important to support rational and technically informed decisions regarding maintenance and rehabilitation actions. With a reliable diagnosis, the probable causes of the anomalies can be correctly identified, and the correction measures adopted can be more compatible with the existing elements, promoting the durability of the façades. Visual inspection is the most common approach to identify anomalies in a building’s façade and, in many cases, this technique is sufficient to support the decision to intervene. However, the pathological phenomenon is complex, and the anomalies observed may indicate the presence of other defects, or some anomalies may not be visible in a simple visual observation. This study intends to discuss the application of emerging technologies on the diagnosis and anamneses of building’s façade, in order to automatise the collection of reliable on-site data and, thus, reduce the uncertainty of the diagnosis. The use of these techniques can help existing inspection methodologies, already tested, based mainly on the visual assessment of the buildings’ elements degradation condition.

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TLS for Detecting Small Damages on a Building Façade

Cited by 14 publications

References 16 publications

Impact of Environmental Exposure on the Service Life of Façade Claddings—A Statistical Analysis

Impact of Environmental Exposure on the Service Life of Façade Claddings—A Statistical Analysis

Multi‐defect segmentation from façade images using balanced copy–paste method

Critical Analysis about Emerging Technologies for Building’s Façade Inspection

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