To study the immunohistochemical profile of sinonasal and nasopharyngeal masses

Abstract

This is a retrospective observational study of lesions and masses of sinonasal tract and nasopharynx which were received after incisional biopsy or surgical excision. The duration was from May 2011 to April 2016 a total of 5 years. The patients were evaluated on the basis of their chief complaints. Complete ENT examination which included nasal endoscopy and radiological evaluation was done. The study was carried out in collaboration with ENT and oncopathology department. Patient's feedback, clinical history and follow-up were done. Histopathology, microbiological culture, and isolates were also studied. Hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) sections were studied for histopathological review and lesions were subgrouped into non-neoplastic lesion, benign neoplasm, and malignant neoplasm categories. Depending on the morphology ABSTRACTIntroduction: Sinonasal and nasopharyngeal tract masses can be difficult to diagnose as they have unusual diverse morphology and histopathology with anatomic and embryonic distinction and immunohistochemistry (ICH) becomes mandatory for diagnosis. Aims and Objectives: A retrospective observational study of 5 years from 2011 to 2016 till date was conducted at a tertiary care center. Total analyses of 200 cases were done to study the clinical presentation and histomorphology of all sinonasal and nasopharyngeal masses with gender and age distribution and highlightling the entities with rare clinicopathological and histological presentation and study of ICH in these lesions. Results: Out of total 200 cases, 148 (74%) were inflammatory or infective non-tumorous masses and 52 (26%) were neoplastic, out of which 27 (13.5%) were benign and 25 (12.5%), were proven to be of malignant etiology. In benign neoplastic category, unusual entities were juvenile angiofibroma, meningioma, and hemangioma. Among the cases with atypical clinicopathological presentation and unusual entities which required ICH for diagnosis were chordoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, esthesioneuroblastoma, sinonasal adenocarcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, and nasopharyngeal carcinomas. Conclusion: Sinonasal and nasopharyngeal masses are having diverse clinical presentations at different sites having unusual clinical presentation and varied histopathology and the unusual varieties also occur which rare to these locations and should be promptly diagnosed with ICH for early, accurate and optimal treatment.