To the north: eDNA tracing of the seasonal and spatial dynamics of fish assemblages along the world's largest water diversion project

Zhang, Shan; Bi, Yonghong; Zhao, Jindong; Meng, Yao

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117217

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Following the confirmation that the SNWTP serves as an invasion highway for the introduction of diverse taxa such as fishes, aquatic plants, and golden mussels [5,7,11,35], eDNA-based early detection here reveals a rapid and widespread proliferation of golden mussels across various water bodies in Beijing (Figure 3). Particularly, in 2023, we observed a substantial increase in positive sites, with the total number exceeding 50% of all tested water bodies (Figure 3).…”

Section: Rapid Spread and Colonization Of Golden Mussels In Beijingmentioning

confidence: 79%

eDNA-Based Early Detection Illustrates Rapid Spread of the Non-Native Golden Mussel Introduced into Beijing via Water Diversion

Guo,

Li,

Zhan

2024

Animals

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The world’s largest water diversion, the South-to-North Water Transfer Project (SNWTP) in China, has created an “invasion highway” to introduce invasive golden mussels (Limnoperna fortunei) from the Yangtze River basin to Beijing. To examine the spread and colonization patterns of this newly introduced invasive species, we conducted comprehensive environmental DNA (eDNA)-based early detection and conventional field surveys across all water bodies in five river basins in Beijing from 2020 to 2023. Our results indicated a rapid spread over the past four years. Among the 130 tested sites, the number of sites with positive signals from eDNA analysis exhibited an annual increase: Commencing with four infested sites identified through field surveys in 2019, eDNA analysis detected an additional 13, 11, and 10 positive sites in 2020, 2021, and 2022, respectively, and a substantial rise comprising an additional 28 sites in 2023. Conventional field surveys detected mussels 1–3 years later than eDNA-based analysis at 16 sites. Across all 16 sites, we detected a low population density ranging from 1 to 30 individuals/m2. These findings collectively indicate that the invasions by golden mussels in Beijing are still in their early stages. To date, golden mussels have successfully colonized four out of the five investigated river basins, including the Jiyun River (22.2% positive sites), North Canal River (59.6% positive sites), Chaobai River (40% positive sites), and Yongding River (63.6% positive sites), with the North Canal River and Yongding River being the most heavily infested. Currently, only the Daqing River basin remains uninfested. Given the significant number of infested sites and the ongoing transport of large new propagules via SNWTP, further rapid spread and colonization are anticipated across aquatic ecosystems in Beijing and beyond. Consequently, we call for the proper implementation of effective management strategies, encompassing early detection, risk assessment, and the use of appropriate control measures to mitigate the potential ecological and economic damages in invaded ecosystems.

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Section: Rapid Spread and Colonization Of Golden Mussels In Beijingmentioning

confidence: 79%

eDNA-Based Early Detection Illustrates Rapid Spread of the Non-Native Golden Mussel Introduced into Beijing via Water Diversion

Guo,

Li,

Zhan

2024

Animals

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“…Since opening in December 2014, the middle route of the SNWTP (M‐SNWTP) has transferred more than 60 billion m 3 of water to over 20 cities, effectively alleviating water shortages and stabilizing groundwater levels in the recipient areas (Long et al, 2020). However, the scheme inevitably provides some exotic species with a rapid way to invade northern waters (Zhan et al, 2015; Zhang et al, 2023) and, thus, threatens the local aquatic biota (e.g., macroinvertebrates and phytoplankton; Zhang et al, 2021; Zhu et al, 2022). L. fortunei colonization of structures along the middle and north sections of the M‐SNWTP (e.g., Henan and Hebei provinces), with adult attachment density occasionally exceeding 10,000 ind m −2 , has been reported (Zhao et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐latitude invasion and environmental adaptability of the freshwater mussel Limnopernafortunei in Beijing, China

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2023

Ecological Applications

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The invasive freshwater mussel Limnoperna fortunei (Dunker, 1857) has spread widely throughout Asia and South America, especially via interbasin water diversion and navigation. The middle route of the South‐to‐North Water Transfer Project (SNWTP), whose terminal is Beijing, has diverted more than 60 billion m3 of water from the Yangtze River Basin to Northern China since December 2014. L. fortunei has spread north to Beijing along the SNWTP, biofouling its channels and tunnels. To determine the status of L. fortunei's invasion in Beijing, we systematically inspected the water bodies receiving southern water, including all branches of the SNWTP, water treatment plants, lakes, reservoirs, and rivers. We measured the densities of adults and veligers of L. fortunei and conducted eDNA analyses of water samples. A generalized linear model and canonical correspondence analysis were adopted to investigate the correlations between environmental (e.g., water temperature, conductivity, pH, total nitrogen, and phosphorus) and biological (e.g., chlorophyll a, plankton density, and community composition) variables and the densities of adults and veligers of L. fortunei. Water temperature is the most important factor in determining the densities of D‐shaped and pediveliger veligers, with explanatory variable contributions of 56.2% and 43.9%, respectively. The pH affects the densities of D‐shaped, umbonated, and pediveliger veligers. The density of plantigrade veligers is negatively correlated with the conductivity and positively correlated with the concentration of chlorophyll a. Canonical correspondence analysis shows a weak correlation between the dominant phytoplankton taxa and the density of veligers. The densities of D‐shaped, umbonated, and pediveliger veligers are positively correlated with the density of small phytoplankton (12.54 ± 4.33 μm), and the density of plantigrade veligers is positively correlated with the density of large (16.12 ± 5.96 μm) phytoplankton. The density of planktonic veligers is well correlated with local abiotic variables, and that of plantigrade veligers is less correlated with local abiotic variables. This finding implies that controlling early‐stage veligers by altering water temperature, pH, and food size might effectively control the establishment of further L. fortunei colonies.

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Detection differences between eDNA and mid‐water trawls are driven by fish biomass and habitat preferences

Rehill,

Millard‐Martin,

Lemay

et al. 2024

Environmental DNA

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Marine scientific trawl surveys are commonly used to assess the distribution and population size of fisheries‐related species, yet the method is effort‐intensive and can be environmentally destructive. Sequencing environmental DNA (eDNA) from water samples can reveal the presence of organisms in a community without capturing them; however, we expect the detectability of taxa to differ between eDNA and trawl surveys, and understanding how species traits and population variables contribute to detection differences can help calibrate our expectations from each form of sampling. Here, we coupled eDNA metabarcoding and capture trawl surveys in British Columbia, Canada, to examine species traits that explain recurrent differences in detectability between the two methods, including habitat, body size, and biomass. At the regional scale, 17 of 23 fish species (74%) captured by the trawl were detected by eDNA metabarcoding, and 39 additional species were detected by eDNA sampling only. We found that eDNA metabarcoding disproportionately detected trawl‐caught species with greater local biomass (i.e., greater biomass in the adjacent trawl). Fish detected only in eDNA had a greater range of body lengths and a broader range of habitat preferences outside the trawls' target size and sampling areas. Our results suggest that with our level of sampling, eDNA metabarcoding can adequately recapitulate detection of fish communities detected by trawl surveys, but with a bias toward fish of high population biomass and greater inclusion of fish from outside the trawled area.

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To the north: eDNA tracing of the seasonal and spatial dynamics of fish assemblages along the world's largest water diversion project

Cited by 7 publications

References 63 publications

eDNA-Based Early Detection Illustrates Rapid Spread of the Non-Native Golden Mussel Introduced into Beijing via Water Diversion

eDNA-Based Early Detection Illustrates Rapid Spread of the Non-Native Golden Mussel Introduced into Beijing via Water Diversion

High‐latitude invasion and environmental adaptability of the freshwater mussel Limnopernafortunei in Beijing, China

Detection differences between eDNA and mid‐water trawls are driven by fish biomass and habitat preferences

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