Toll-like receptor expression in monocytes in patients with chronic kidney disease and haemodialysis: relation with inflammation

Abstract

The percentage of CD14( +) monocytes expressing TLR-2 were similar in all of the study groups, whereas the percentage of CD14( +) monocytes expressing TLR-4 were significantly lower in both stage 3-4 CKD and HD patients at baseline than in controls. The mean fluorescence intensities (MFI) of TLR-2 were significantly lower in controls than in stage 3-4 CKD and HD patients at baseline. The MFI of TLR-4 was similar in all of the groups. The percentage of CD14( +) monocytes expressing TLR-2 did not change during and after HD. The MFI of TLR-2 decreased at 120 min of HD compared with baseline (1837 ± 672 vs 1650 ± 578, P < 0.05), and recovered back to baseline values at 300 min and at 24 h post-HD. MFI of TLR-4 increased at 24 h compared with baseline (941 ± 294 vs 1087 ± 441, P < 0.05). Serum IL-6 levels correlated with MFI of TLR-2 and TLR-4 in stage 3-4 CKD patients and in HD patients at baseline and after HD in univariate analysis. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that MFI of TLR-2 was an independent determinant of serum IL-6 concentrations in stage 3-4 CKD and in HD patients at baseline, at 300 min and at 24 h post-HD. Conclusions. Our study demonstrates that TLR-2 is associated with the inflammatory response of non-dialysed and dialysed CKD patients.

Differential Membrane Expression of Toll-Like Receptors and Intracellular Cytokine Induction in Peripheral Blood Monocytes of Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetic Nephropathy

“…Our results are in accordance with the results of Koc et al [11], but in contrast to those of Ando et al [2] who showed a significant reduction of TLR4 expression in predialysis CKD patients compared with healthy controls. The reason for this discrepancy is not clear.…”

“…Existing evidence shows that TLR2 and TLR4 are involved in the pathogenesis of CKD-related complications in hemodialysis patients [11,12,13] and predialysis CKD patients, though not in all studies [2,11]. Furthermore, patients with diabetes mellitus types 1 and 2 have shown increased monocyte expression of TLR2 and TLR4 [14,15], and a recent study has demonstrated in vitro upregulation of TLR4 expression in the renal tubules of human kidneys with DN [16].…”

A Blueberry-Enriched Diet Improves Renal Function and Reduces Oxidative Stress in Metabolic Syndrome Animals: Potential Mechanism of TLR4-MAPK Signaling Pathway

“…TLR4 signaling pathways and their expression have been studied in relation to inflammation in kidney injury [6], [50]. We examined the gene and protein expression of TLR4 in the kidney cortical tissues of animals from all experimental groups.…”

Lymphocyte depletion and subset alteration correlate to renal function in chronic kidney disease patients

“…Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) exhibit upregulated basal expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) including TLR-2 and TLR-4, up-regulated expression of integrin, and increased basal production of cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS) on polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) and monocytes. [4][5][6] Besides the property of spontaneous activation, PMNs and monocytes are also accompanied with impaired phagocytic capacity which *These two authors contribute to this paper equally.…”