Tonsillar Small Cell Carcinoma: Potential Contribution of Human Papillomavirus

Fecher, Roger; Leader, Brittany A.; Patil, Yash; Butler, Randy

doi:10.12659/ajcr.908252

Cited by 4 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…HPV‐related small cell carcinoma of the oropharynx is a newly recognized variant with few cases reported in the literature . This study presents one of the first comprehensive cytologic characterizations of this entity and includes 6 patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HPV-related small cell carcinoma of the oropharynx is a newly recognized variant with few cases reported in the literature. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] This study presents one of the first comprehensive cytologic characterizations of this entity and includes 6 patients. Overall, the presentation and clinical course of these tumors were similar to those in previous reports.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast to SqCC variants, HPV‐related small cell carcinomas follow an aggressive clinical course and are almost uniformly fatal. To date, fewer than 2 dozen cases of HPV‐related small cell carcinoma of the oropharynx have been reported in the literature . Despite the growing use of fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) cytology for the evaluation of neck masses and masses at other sites and the adequate performance of these specimens for HPV testing, there are no reports in the literature describing the cytomorphologic features of this entity .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, fewer than 2 dozen cases of HPV-related small cell carcinoma of the oropharynx have been reported in the literature. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Despite the growing use of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology for the evaluation of neck masses and masses at other sites and the adequate performance of these specimens for HPV testing, there are no reports in the literature describing the cytomorphologic features of this entity. [21][22][23] We are among the first to report a study of HPV-related small cell carcinoma of the oropharynx in cytology preparations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cytopathologic characteristics of HPV‐related small cell carcinoma of the oropharynx

Allison

Rooper

Mustafa

et al. 2018

Cancer Cytopathology

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Background Human papillomavirus (HPV)–related squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) of the oropharynx is an epidemiologically and clinically distinct form of SqCC that is associated with an improved prognosis. However, HPV‐related small cell carcinoma of the oropharynx is a rare and newly described variant that is associated with aggressive clinical behavior and poor outcomes. To date, fewer than 2 dozen reports of this entity exist in the literature, and there is no discussion of cytopathologic features. This article reports 6 cases and discusses the salient cytomorphologic findings, ancillary studies, and challenges when this entity is encountered. Methods Anatomic pathology archives were searched to identify patients with a diagnosis of HPV‐related small cell carcinoma of the oropharynx. Medical records were reviewed to document the following: age, sex, smoking status, other relevant clinical history, primary location, treatment, and clinical outcome. Both p16 and high‐risk HPV in situ hybridization (ISH) studies were positive in at least 1 specimen from each patient. The pathologic diagnoses, cytomorphologic characteristics, immunocytochemical stains, and HPV ISH studies were reviewed and recorded for all available cases. Results Six patients with 11 cytopathology specimens of HPV‐related small cell carcinoma of the oropharynx were identified. The mean age was 61.3 years, and all patients died with widely metastatic disease (mean, 23 months; range, 12‐48 months). Mixed small cell carcinoma and SqCC components were present in half of the cases. Conclusions The identification of a small cell component can be reliably performed with cytology preparations and is crucial because this (and not the HPV status) determines the prognosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cytopathologic characteristics of HPV‐related small cell carcinoma of the oropharynx

Allison

Rooper

Mustafa

et al. 2018

Cancer Cytopathology

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“…11 Review of the literature revealed 30 patients with OPSmCC for which p16 and/or HPV testing (by ISH and/or polymerase chain reaction [PCR]) have been done (Table 1). 5,6,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] The ages of the patients ranged from 35 to 83 years with a mean age of 63 years. There is a male predominance with a 3.3:1 male to female ratio.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Papillomavirus–Associated Oropharyngeal High-Grade Neuroendocrine Carcinoma in an Adolescent: Case Report and Review of Literature

Sinno

Assaad

Shabb

2019

Clin Med Insights Pediatr

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Oropharyngeal small cell carcinomas (OPSmCC) are rare with only few case reports and case series published in the literature. More recently, an association of these tumors with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been detected. However, unlike oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas which have a better outcome when associated with HPV, OPSmCC exhibit an aggressive behavior. In this article, we report a case of tonsillar carcinoma arising in a 14-year-old boy that was associated with HPV infection. The tumor exhibited morphologic features of small cell carcinoma with no overt squamous differentiation. Yet, by immunohistochemistry, it showed diffuse and strong co-expression of both squamous and neuroendocrine markers. In addition, we present the clinicopathologic features of all the cases of OPSmCC reported in the literature for which p16 and/or HPV testing have been done.

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Systematic review of neuroendocrine carcinomas of the oropharynx

et al. 2022

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Data describing features and management of oropharyngeal neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC) remain sparse. A systematic review was performed. Patients were stratified by treatment modality and examined for disease progression and survival outcomes. Ninety‐four patients from 50 publications were included. Average age at diagnosis was 59.7 years (range 14–83). 73.4% were male. Most studies did not document HPV status. Forty patients (85.1%) were p16 positive, and 34 (85.0%) were HPV‐ISH positive. Overall survival was 75.4% at 1 year, and 40.0% at 2 years. Of patients with locoregional disease, 33.8% developed distant metastasis. 12.5% of patients developed locoregional recurrence. Patients who developed distant metastases had worse overall survival (p = 0.0004). No significant difference was found between treatment modalities. Human papilloma virus may be associated with oropharyngeal NEC. Current treatments provide locoregional control, but distant metastases are common and confer low overall survival.

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Tonsillar Small Cell Carcinoma: Potential Contribution of Human Papillomavirus

Cited by 4 publications

References 13 publications

Cytopathologic characteristics of HPV‐related small cell carcinoma of the oropharynx

Cytopathologic characteristics of HPV‐related small cell carcinoma of the oropharynx

Human Papillomavirus–Associated Oropharyngeal High-Grade Neuroendocrine Carcinoma in an Adolescent: Case Report and Review of Literature

Systematic review of neuroendocrine carcinomas of the oropharynx

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