Tooth demineralization and associated factors in patients on fixed orthodontic treatment

Abstract

Dental demineralization was determined in patients at three time points during fixed orthodontic treatment. A multiple cross-sectional study included 108 patients divided into three different groups: (1) beginning of orthodontic treatment; (2) one year into treatment; and (3) two years into treatment. Demineralization was estimated using a DIAGNOdent pen. We obtained data from multiple tooth-by-tooth demineralization readings combined with salivary pH and patients’ oral hygienic and dietary behaviors. A t-test for independent samples and Spearman´s correlation were performed. No demineralizations differences were found between the initial stage and one year into treatment. Between one and two years small differences were observed, but demineralization increased between the initial stage and second treatment year, predominating in upper right central incisors (p = 0.056), upper left lateral incisors (p = 0.040), both upper canines (p = 0.055 and p = 0.040, respectively) and first left premolars (p = 0.034 and p = 0.053, respectively). We did not find associations between oral hygiene and dietary behaviours or salivary pH. In conclusion, demineralization occurred in first year of treatment and increased during second year, predominating in the upper arch and the left side mainly in upper right central incisors, upper left lateral incisors, both upper canines, and first left premolars.

Biofilm formation following chitosan-based varnish or chlorhexidine-fluoride varnish application in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment: a double blinded randomised controlled trial

“…Caries prevention in fixed orthodontic therapy poses a significant challenge, since bonding of brackets creates a high caries risk environment [ 31 ]. WSL is a common complication of fixed orthodontic therapy especially on the maxillary anterior teeth with a prevalence as high as 50% [ 32 ].…”

<p>Pengaruh permen karet xylitol terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutans pada pengguna alat ortodontik cekat</p><p>Effect of xylitol gum on Streptococcus mutans of fixed orthodontic appliance users</p>

“…Perawatan ortodontik khususnya pengguna alat ortodontik cekat dapat memberikan dampak berupa perubahan lingkungan rongga mulut dan komposisi flora rongga mulut, peningkatan jumlah bakteri yang dapat menyebabkan karies gigi, sebagai akibat sulitnya prosedur kebersihan mulut pasien. 1 Streptococcus merupakan bakteri yang memiliki peran utama dalam etiologi karies gigi. Streptococcus mutans menghasilkan asam dari metabolisme fermentasi karbohidrat yang membuat lingkungan rongga mulut menjadi asam sehingga meningkatkan risiko karies.…”

A Novel Developed Bioactive Composite Resin Containing Silver/Zinc Oxide (Ag/ZnO) Nanoparticles as an Antimicrobial Material against Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus, and Candida albicans

“…In this context, patients receiving a full fixed treatment plan are more susceptible to caries and exhibit a significant increase in S. mutans counts in their plaque and saliva [1,2]. In the presence of an increased count of cariogenic bacteria in the saliva and plaque and poor oral hygiene, decalcification and carious lesions can occur in less than 4 weeks [3,4].…”