Topical Application of Apricot Kernel Extract Improves Dry Eye Symptoms in a Unilateral Exorbital Lacrimal Gland Excision Mouse

Kim, Chan-Sik; Jo, Kyuhyung; Lee, Ik‐Soo; Kim, Jung-Hyun

doi:10.3390/nu8110750

Cited by 25 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The ocular surface comprises the conjunctiva, cornea, lacrimal glands, related tear and connective tissue, eyelashes, and eyelids; these involve the ocular epithelia, nervous and endocrine systems, immune responses and vasculature [ 32 ] Additionally, homeostasis of the ocular surface system is affected by tear film stability and osmolarity leading to hyperosmotic damage such as oxidation, inflammation, and apoptosis [ 33 ] Several animal models of DED have been developed to evaluate the pathology of dry eyes and the efficacy of therapeutic candidates. Recently, lacrimal gland excision has been used as an experimental model to induce DED though attenuated tear volume, increased corneal surface irregularity, disrupted corneal epithelial barrier function, and reduced conjunctival goblet cell viability [ 25 , 34 , 35 , 36 ]. In our study, lacrimal gland excision significantly increased the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α, and MMP9 expression, but decreased MUC4 expression in corneal epithelial tissue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seven-week-old male Wistar rats were purchased from Orient Bio (Seoul, Korea). The dry eyed rat model was carried out according to previously described protocols [ 25 ]. Rats in the normal control group (NOR) were not carried out with any surgical operation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tear volume was performed at day 7 after surgical operation. All procedures of experiment carried out according to previously known protocols [ 25 ]. Phenol red-impregnated cotton threads (Zone Quick; FCI Ophthalmics, Pembroke, MA, USA) were used with forceps and located in the lateral canthus for 1 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Protective Effect of Polygonum cuspidatum (PCE) Aqueous Extract in a Dry Eye Model

et al. 2018

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Dry eyes are caused by highly increased osmolarity of tear film, inflammation, and apoptosis of the ocular surface. In this study, we investigated the effect of Polygonum cuspidatum (PCE) aqueous extract in in vivo and in vitro dry eye models. Dry eye was induced by excision of the lacrimal gland and hyperosmotic media. In vivo, oral administration of PCE in exorbital lacrimal gland-excised rats recovered tear volume and Mucin4 (MUC4) expression by inhibiting corneal irregularity and expression of inflammatory cytokines. In vitro, hyperosmotic media induced human corneal epithelial cell (HCEC) cytotoxicity though increased inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. PCE treatment significantly inhibited expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α), and activation of NF-κB p65 in hyperosmolar stress-induced HCECs. Hyperosmolarity-induced increase in Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX) expression and activation of cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase and caspase 3 were attenuated in a concentration-dependent manner by PCE. PCE treatment restored anti-oxidative proteins such as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in hyperosmolar stress-induced HCECs. These data demonstrate that PCE prevents adverse changes in the ocular surface and tear fluid through inhibition of hyperosmolar stress-induced inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidation, suggesting that PCE may have the potential to preserve eye health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Protective Effect of Polygonum cuspidatum (PCE) Aqueous Extract in a Dry Eye Model

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“…The mechanism of action reported to be decreasing cytokines and inhibiting oxidative stress [Li et al, 2014]. Apricot Kernel Extract (AKE) has newly been presented to be efficacious in the management of dry eye disease by maintaining tear film stability in the mouse model [Kim et al, 2016]. Parasympathomimetics.…”

Section: Management Of Delayed Ocular Complications Medical Managementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other medical treatment options and new potential drugs. Apricot Kernel Extract (AKE) has newly been presented to be efficacious in the management of dry eye disease by maintaining tear film stability in the mouse model [Kim et al, 2016]. The direct effect of vitamin D in dry eye management is controversial.…”

Section: Medical Managementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular Effects of Sulfur Mustard and Therapeutic Approaches

Panahi

Rajaee

Sahebkar

2017

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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Sulfur mustard (SM) is a strong blistering, highly reactive, lipophilic chemical war agent that causes injury in different organs including the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. The Eyes are especially susceptible to the consequences of SM poisoning because of the aqueous and mucosal nature of conjunctiva and cornea. DNA alkylation and depletion of glutathione, are the most important mechanisms of SM action in the eye injuries. Acute clinical symptoms are including decrease in visual acuity, dryness, photophobia, blepharospasm, conjunctivitis, and complaints of foreign body sensation and soreness that gradually progress to severe ocular pain. Corneal abrasions, ulcerations, vesication, and perforations are common corneal consequences in SM injured victims. Appearance of chronic symptoms has been reported as chronic inflammation of the corneal and conjunctival vasculature, ischemia, lipid and cholesterol deposition, scarring in cornea, corneal thinning, opacification and perforation of the cornea, limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD), and neovascularization. Different medical and surgical protocols have been documented in the management of SM-induced ocular injuries, including preservative-free artificial tears, topical steroids and antibiotic, mydriatic, antiglaucoma drops, therapeutic contact lenses, dark glasses and punctal plugs/cauterization, N-acetylcysteine, tarsorrhaphy, amniotic membrane transplantation, stem cell transplantation, and corneal transplantation. New drugs such as resolvin E1, topical form of essential fatty acids, thymosin β4, 43 amino-acid polypeptides, topical form of curcumin, newly formulated artificial tears, diquafosol, rebamipide, tretinoin, and oral uridineseems to be beneficial in the management of ocular lesion associated with sulfur mustard poisoning. Further studies are needed to approve these drugs in SM victims. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 3549-3560, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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