Topically Applied Biopolymer-Based Tri-Layered Hierarchically Structured Nanofibrous Scaffold with a Self-Pumping Effect for Accelerated Full-Thickness Wound Healing in a Rat Model

Abstract

Wound healing has grown to be a significant problem at a global scale. The lack of multifunctionality in most wound dressing-based biopolymers prevents them from meeting all clinical requirements. Therefore, a multifunctional biopolymer-based tri-layered hierarchically nanofibrous scaffold in wound dressing can contribute to skin regeneration. In this study, a multifunctional antibacterial biopolymer-based tri-layered hierarchically nanofibrous scaffold comprising three layers was constructed. The bottom and the top layers contain hydrophilic silk fibroin (SF) and fish skin collagen (COL), respectively, for accelerated healing, interspersed with a middle layer of hydrophobic poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) containing amoxicillin (AMX) as an antibacterial drug. The advantageous physicochemical properties of the nanofibrous scaffold were estimated by SEM, FTIR, fluid uptake, contact angle, porosity, and mechanical properties. Moreover, the in vitro cytotoxicity and cell healing were assessed by MTT assay and the cell scratching method, respectively, and revealed excellent biocompatibility. The nanofibrous scaffold exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against multiple pathogenic bacteria. Furthermore, the in vivo wound healing and histological studies demonstrated complete wound healing in wounded rats on day 14, along with an increase in the expression level of the transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and a decrease in the expression level of interleukin-6 (IL-6). The results revealed that the fabricated nanofibrous scaffold is a potent wound dressing scaffold, and significantly accelerates full-thickness wound healing in a rat model.

Balanced chemical reactivity, antimicrobial properties and biocompatibility of decellularized dermal matrices for wound healing

“…Compared with the unmodified pADM, the pore size and porosity of OD-pA became larger, and the pore size increased with the amount of ODHTCC, and the collagen fibril bundles within the pore size were also cross-linked more tightly, which had a beneficial effect on wound healing in vivo and cell growth on collagen-based materials in vitro . 40…”

Why Are There So Few FDA-Approved Therapeutics for Wound Healing?

“…Second, overcoming the technical challenges linked to stem cell therapy, including issues, like extended cell survival, improved differentiation, and enhanced communication within the wound, could make stem cell therapy an even more attractive option. Due to the specific focus of this article, we refer readers to several excellent research articles and reviews on wound healing biologics in detail [53][54][55][56]. Impossible to make a "builder" drug for wound healing from a single molecule.…”

Biobran-loaded core/shell nanofibrous scaffold: a promising wound dressing candidate

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