Torrefaction pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass for sustainable solid biofuel production

Ivanovski, Maja; Goričanec, Darko; Krope, Jurij; Urbancl, Danijela

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2021.122483

Cited by 54 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The EF values determined for this study are shown in Table 3. Consistent with the literature [53], the results showed that EF increased with both the temperature and duration of torrefaction, indicating that HHV levels improved throughout the duration of the procedure. The EF of torrefied SS and BH reaches 1.163 and 1.13, respectively, at temperature 300 °C and residence time 60 min.…”

Section: Characterization Of Torrefied Productsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The EF of torrefied SS and BH reaches 1.163 and 1.13, respectively, at temperature 300 °C and residence time 60 min. This conclusion is reasonable since carbon densification lead to an increase in products generated at a higher temperature [53]. To be an economically viable solid fuel, the torrefied biomass must have a high calorific value (greater than 20 MJ/kg) and EY (greater than 85%) without losing other physicochemical fuel properties [17] Overall, the condition of 275 °C and 30 min is the appropriate torrefaction temperature and residence time for a reasonable torrefaction of both SS and BH; however, BH possesses 16.2 MJ/kg as HHV.…”

Section: Characterization Of Torrefied Productmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…Figure 3 illustrates how torrefaction temperature impacts proximate analysis results. It has been shown that the thermal breakdown of complex polymers at higher torrefaction temperatures results in a growth in FC and the quantity of ash while a reduction in volatile matter [53].…”

Section: Characterization Of Torrefied Productmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The influence of torrefaction on the biochar characteristics produced from sesame stalks and bean husk

Khairy

Amer

Ibrahim

et al. 2023

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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Torrefaction encourages homogeneity and enhances the energy-producing capabilities of biomass. In the current study, bean husk (BH) and sesame stalks (SS) were torrefied for 30 and 60 min at operating temperatures of 200, 225, 250 and 275, and 300 °C with nitrogen purging. Mass yield (MY), higher heating value (HHV), energy yields (EY), and torrefaction severity index (TSI) were examined. The variations of the biochar characteristics, pyrolysis kinetics by applying two models (Coats and Redfern (CR) and Direct Arrhenius (DA)), and crystallinity index (CRI) were depicted. Depending on pyrolysis kinetics, thermodynamic activation parameters were derived to elucidate biomass pyrolysis. The alterations in the torrefied materials’ composition were also analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The calculations revealed that the torrefied SS and BH decreased MY by 32.74, 29.02% and decreased EY 26, 20.97%, increased high heating values by 14.1, 13.52%, increased fixed carbon by 55.1, 39.91% respectively, and had a slight reduction in bulk density (approximately 2%). Generally, 275 °C and 30 min were the optimal conditions for a balanced torrefaction of SS and BH based on the HHV that reached to 20.5, 16.2 MJ/kg and EY that reached to 86.16 and 85.56% respectively. The FTIR, XRD, and the thermogravimetric results showed that the torrefaction treatment altered samples owing to carbohydrate breakdown, a rise in lignin, and a reduction in hemicellulose as the temperature of the torrefaction process increased. The CR methodology yielded greater frequency factor (A) and activation energy (Ea) values than the DA method. The broadest peak width, lowest average Ea, and lnA were seen in sesame stalks that had been torrefied at 300 °C and 30 min that reached to 107.85 (kJ/mol) and 13.57 (min−1). Results indicated an excellent linear relationship with the index of comprehensive pyrolysis (CPI), CRI, atomic H/C ratio, severity index, and EY.

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Section: Characterization Of Torrefied Productsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Characterization Of Torrefied Productmentioning

confidence: 70%

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The influence of torrefaction on the biochar characteristics produced from sesame stalks and bean husk

Khairy

Amer

Ibrahim

et al. 2023

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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“…A detailed description of the Bosio industrial furnace is written in the work of Jóźwiak et al [53]. The biomasses were torrefied at a temperature of 250 • C and residence time of 1 h. The torrefaction temperature was determined based on the obtained results for lignocellulosic biomass in our previous papers [14,54]. The torrefaction process was carried out in a semi-inert atmosphere generated by the lid, placed on the ceramic round crucibles specifically to create an inert atmosphere.…”

Section: Torrefaction Process and Biomass Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As said, compared to other biomaterials it has a lot of advantages; however, disadvantages such as low calorific value, low energy density, and high moisture content may cause problems in its transport and/or storage [12]. To overcome these challenges and enhance the suitability of biomass as a potential solid biofuel source used in thermochemical processes, the torrefaction process is stepping up [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of the Kinetics and Thermodynamic Parameters of Lignocellulosic Biomass Subjected to the Torrefaction Process

et al. 2021

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The torrefaction process upgrades biomass characteristics and produces solid biofuels that are coal-like in their properties. Kinetics analysis is important for the determination of the appropriate torrefaction condition to obtain the best utilization possible. In this study, the kinetics (Friedman (FR) and Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose (KAS) isoconversional methods) of two final products of lignocellulosic feedstocks, miscanthus (Miscanthus x giganteus) and hops waste (Humulus Lupulus), were studied under different heating rates (10, 15, and 20 °C/min) using thermogravimetry (TGA) under air atmosphere as the main method to investigate. The results of proximate and ultimate analysis showed an increase in HHV values, carbon content, and fixed carbon content, followed by a decrease in the VM and O/C ratios for both torrefied biomasses, respectively. FTIR spectra confirmed the chemical changes during the torrefaction process, and they corresponded to the TGA results. The average Eα for torrefied miscanthus increased with the conversion degree for both models (25–254 kJ/mol for FR and 47–239 kJ/mol for the KAS model). The same trend was noticed for the torrefied hops waste samples; the values were within the range of 14–224 kJ/mol and 60–221 kJ/mol for the FR and KAS models, respectively. Overall, the Ea values for the torrefied biomass were much higher than for raw biomass, which was due to the different compositions of the torrefied material. Therefore, it can be concluded that both torrefied products can be used as a potential biofuel source.

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Preventing the deterioration of mechanical properties of polylactic acid/biomass composites via wet torrefaction

Choi

Giang

Park

et al. 2022

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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Torrefaction pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass for sustainable solid biofuel production

Cited by 54 publications

References 52 publications

The influence of torrefaction on the biochar characteristics produced from sesame stalks and bean husk

The influence of torrefaction on the biochar characteristics produced from sesame stalks and bean husk

Determination of the Kinetics and Thermodynamic Parameters of Lignocellulosic Biomass Subjected to the Torrefaction Process

Preventing the deterioration of mechanical properties of polylactic acid/biomass composites via wet torrefaction

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